Hicham Safieddine, a historian and editor behind the new English translation of Mahdi Amel's works, dives into the influential life of this key figure of the Arab left. The discussion reveals how Amel adapted Marxism to address the complexities of colonial realities in the Middle East. They explore the Lebanese Communist Party's evolution, the balance of solidarity with Palestine, and Amel's insights on the intersections of class and national liberation. The relevance of his thought today is emphasized amidst contemporary political challenges in the region.
The podcast discusses Mahdi Amel's assertion that resisting oppression is crucial for maintaining dignity, particularly relevant amidst current conflicts in Lebanon and Gaza.
Amel's theoretical framework links national liberation struggles to class struggle, emphasizing a unique understanding of capitalist relations in colonized societies.
The analysis of Islamist movements shows a need for nuanced understanding, recognizing their role in both revolutionary contexts and potential reactionary tendencies amid anti-colonial struggles.
Deep dives
Impact of Current Events on Discussion
The recent escalation of violence in Lebanon due to Israel’s military actions has intensified the relevance of discussions surrounding figures like Mahdi Amel and the implications of resistance movements. The podcast highlights the chaos faced by Lebanese civilians amid these attacks, emphasizing the similarities between their experiences and those of Palestinians in Gaza. This backdrop fosters a critical examination of Amel's perspective that resistance is key to maintaining dignity and avoiding defeat, particularly in the context of ongoing oppression. His famous assertion that 'you are not defeated as long as you resist' resonates deeply with individuals facing contemporary struggles.
Mahdi Amel's Intellectual Journey
Mahdi Amel, born Hassan Hamdan, emerged as a significant Marxist intellectual within the Lebanese Communist movement, deeply influenced by the post-colonial context of the 1950s. His formative years included studying in France and connecting with anti-colonial fighters, allowing him to reformulate Marxist thought in relation to national liberation and colonial struggles. Despite facing challenges, including his eventual assassination in 1987, Amel produced a substantial body of work that contributed to the discourse on Marxism tailored to the realities of the Middle East. His ideas continue to provide critical insights into resistance against oppressive regimes, especially within the contexts of Lebanon and Palestine.
Analysis of the Lebanese Communist Party's Role
The Lebanese Communist Party, to which Amel belonged, historically struggled to gain mass support amid a predominately sectarian political landscape influenced by Western interests. Its early focus lacked a popular base, as it often misinterpreted the intertwining of national and class struggles, culminating in a disconnect with the masses, particularly regarding the question of Palestine. A turning point occurred post-1967 after revisions to the party’s philosophy that recognized the importance of anti-colonial struggle as aligned with class struggle. This shift allowed the Communist Party to gain relevance and become a notable resistance force in Lebanon, especially following the influx of Palestinian groups post-1970.
Mahdi Amel's Theoretical Contributions
Amel's theoretical contributions advanced the notion of a 'colonial mode of production,' positing that capitalist relations in colonized societies differ fundamentally from those in industrializing regions. He argued that, rather than developing a traditional capitalist class structure, colonized societies experience a stunted evolution of class relations due to their dependency on imperialism. Amel placed significant emphasis on how national liberation struggles should be viewed through a lens of class struggle, thus intertwining national identity with revolutionary thought. This perspective remains crucial for understanding contemporary socio-political dynamics in the Global South and the ongoing challenges against colonial legacies.
Amel’s Response to Emergent Political Forces
Amel critically assessed the rise of Islamist groups within the Middle East during the late 20th century, recognizing their dual role in revolutionary outcomes while cautioning against potential reactionary tendencies. He argued that the political consciousness of these groups varied, often contributing positively to anti-colonial struggles yet needing careful scrutiny regarding their long-term objectives. Amel emphasized the need for a nuanced understanding of politics, advocating for an analysis centered on class structures rather than mere cultural categorizations. His insights remain relevant today as leftists navigate similar complexities in assessing the interplay of various political ideologies within contemporary resistance movements.
Over the last week, Israel has launched a full-scale attack on Lebanon as an extension of its campaign against Gaza. So far the air strikes have killed well over five hundred people. The attack on Lebanon has made the subject of this week’s podcast all the more relevant to the current situation.
Mahdi Amel was a member of the Lebanese communist movement and one of the most important political thinkers of the Arab left. Before his assassination in 1987, Amel produced a series of books and essays, some of which have now been translated into English for the collection Arab Marxism and National Liberation.
Long Reads is joined by the editor of that collection, Hicham Safieddine. Hicham is a professor of history at the University of British Columbia. The conversation was recorded Friday, September 19th. Please excuse sound quality issues, due to a bad connection, in the last part of the interview.
Long Reads is a Jacobin podcast looking in-depth at political topics and thinkers, both contemporary and historical, with the magazine’s longform writers. Hosted by features editor Daniel Finn. Produced by Conor Gillies, music by Knxwledge.
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