This week we chat with Rohit De, an expert on the Indian constitution. We review the story so far and discuss the waning interest in the constitution starting in the 1970s. We explore early constitutional reforms and the impact of the First World War on India's constitutional history. We also discuss the drafting process of the Indian constitution and its influences.
Scholarly interest in the Indian constitution diminished in the 1970s due to a desire to explore different aspects of India's independent movement and focus on the lives of common people rather than high politics.
The early British reforms during the onset of British rule in India and after the revolt of 1857 had a lasting legacy on the Indian constitution, reshaping the architecture of the state and influencing the structure of the Indian constitution that emerged in 1950.
Deep dives
Historians' Waning Interest in Indian Constitution
Scholarly interest in the Indian constitution diminished in the 1970s, due to a desire to break away from the narrative centered on British legislation. Historians sought to explore different aspects of India's independent movement and focus on the lives of common people rather than high politics. A sense of disillusionment also arose after the emergency in the 1970s, questioning the effectiveness of the constitution in preventing such events. However, these critiques overlook the complex origins of the Indian constitution, which amalgamated British legislation, political movements, and social activism. The constitution's impact extends to everyday life, allowing individuals to appeal to its norms and challenge the exercise of power.
Influence of Early Reforms on the Constitution
The early British reforms during the onset of British rule in India and after the revolt of 1857 had a lasting legacy on the Indian constitution. These reforms reshaped the architecture of the state, establishing a centralized government in the center and provincial governments. They also introduced limited native representation through municipalities, becoming centers of political activism. The push for democracy and suffrage gained momentum, with a seamless debate about extending franchise rights. The emphasis on Indians ruling themselves and demanding rights against the state shaped the constitutional ideology. These early developments set a path dependency, influencing the structure of the Indian constitution that emerged in 1950.
Impact of World War I on Indian Constitutional History
World War I had significant consequences for India's constitutional history. The war weakened Britain and Europe, making them more reliant on their colonies for resources and highlighting socialist and nationalist ideas. Indian soldiers participating in the war experienced differential treatment abroad, leading to a growing sense of Indian identity. The war also resulted in demands for greater popular participation and influenced the expansion of the national movement in India. The war's developments reinforced the importance of Indian voices in shaping the country's constitution. Although it is difficult to speculate on alternative outcomes, the war's impact on India's political landscape cannot be ignored.
This week we take a break from the story-telling to chat with Rohit De, an expert on the Indian constitution and its history. We briefly review at the ground we've covered so far and then preview the story ahead. De also tells us why there was a waning of interest in the Indian Constitution starting in the 1970s. The first of our episodes featuring invited guests.
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