Jeff Jarvis, "The Gutenberg Parenthesis: The Age of Print and Its Lessons for the Age of the Internet" (Bloomsbury, 2023)
Dec 1, 2023
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Jeff Jarvis, a journalist and author, delves into the transformative power of print culture and its lasting impact on today's digital landscape. He discusses the concept of the 'Gutenberg Parenthesis' and how the printing press revolutionized storytelling and community engagement. Jarvis contrasts past and present public discourse, from coffee houses to social media, while addressing issues of censorship and free speech. He emphasizes the collective nature of culture in the digital era, inviting a reevaluation of communication, authorship, and creativity.
The transition from oral traditions to print fundamentally reshaped society, establishing authorship and transforming how information is shared and consumed.
Historical parallels between print and digital transitions highlight the anxiety and resistance individuals face as new technologies disrupt established norms.
The evolution of newspapers illustrates the media's role in public discourse, emphasizing the need for innovation to meet contemporary democratic principles.
Deep dives
The Impact of Subscription Management
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Understanding the Gutenberg Parenthesis
The Gutenberg Parenthesis theory suggests that the age of print is an exception within the larger scope of communication history. Before print became prevalent, knowledge transfer relied heavily on oral traditions, which fostered a communal, conversational society. The advent of print revolutionized how information was shared and consumed, leading to the establishment of authorship and property in knowledge. This transition from oral to print culture had profound implications, altering cognition and society's structures, setting the stage for the subsequent embrace of digital communication.
Lessons from Historical Transitions
Reflecting on the transition from manuscript to printed text offers valuable insights for understanding current shifts from print to digital. Historical figures such as scribes had to adapt to the changing landscape as their roles evolved in response to new technologies. Just as the printing press challenged established norms, today’s digital platforms are reshaping how content is created and consumed, prompting fears and resistance from those used to traditional media. These historical parallels illuminate the complexities of adapting to disruptive technologies and the inherent anxiety that accompanies such transitions.
The Evolution of News in the Print Era
The rise of newspapers marked a significant shift in how information was disseminated and consumed, inherently tied to the technological advancements of the printing press. Initially, news was conveyed through pamphlets and proclamations, but the newspaper democratized access to information, transforming public engagement. This evolution underscores the role of media in shaping public discourse and the expectations of citizens. As we move forward, there is an opportunity to rethink and innovate the concept of news in a way that aligns with democratic principles and the diverse voices of today.
Reimagining Speech and Expression in the Digital Age
The internet, offering unparalleled avenues for expression and creativity, has also ignited debates about censorship and control over speech. The historical context of censorship during the rise of print offers crucial lessons about the futility of trying to restrict vocal dissent or emerging ideas. As we navigate how to manage speech online, it is imperative to focus on amplifying quality discourse rather than stifling voices. Such approaches will pave the way for a more inclusive, participatory digital landscape that honors the plurality of human experience.
The age of print is a grand exception in history. For five centuries it fostered what some call print culture – a worldview shaped by the completeness, permanence, and authority of the printed word. As a technology, print at its birth was as disruptive as the digital migration of today. Now, as the internet ushers us past print culture, journalist Jeff Jarvis offers important lessons from the era we leave behind in The Gutenberg Parenthesis: The Age of Print and Its Lessons for the Age of the Internet(Bloomsbury, 2023).
To understand our transition out of the Gutenberg Age, Jarvis first examines the transition into it. Tracking Western industrialized print to its origins, he explores its invention, spread, and evolution, as well as the bureaucracy and censorship that followed. He also reveals how print gave rise to the idea of the mass – mass media, mass market, mass culture, mass politics, and so on – that came to dominate the public sphere.
What can we glean from the captivating, profound, and challenging history of our devotion to print? Could it be that we are returning to a time before mass media, to a society built on conversation, and that we are relearning how to hold that conversation with ourselves? Brimming with broader implications for today's debates over communication, authorship, and ownership, Jarvis' exploration of print on a grand scale is also a complex, compelling history of technology and power.
This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose forthcoming book focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars.