Witness History

Festac ’77: Nigeria’s largest festival of African arts and culture

Sep 8, 2025
Viola Burley Leak, an African American artist who showcased her work at Nigeria's monumental 1977 festival, shares vibrant stories from this cultural extravaganza. She recounts the spectacular opening ceremony and the electric atmosphere that celebrated Pan-African heritage. The conversation touches on the social tensions present, including critiques of the military dictatorship and the artistic responses it provoked. Viola's reflections illuminate how Festac '77 became a symbol of resistance and a critical moment for African arts amidst a charged political landscape.
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ANECDOTE

Wild Night At Fela Kuti's Concert

  • Viola Burley Leak described squeezing into Fela Kuti's crowded, drug-fueled party, even entering through a window to get in.
  • She recalled waiting over an hour for Fela to appear and perform in wild attire.
INSIGHT

FESTAC As Pan‑African Cultural Olympics

  • Nigeria staged FESTAC as a Pan-African cultural 'Olympics' attracting half a million visitors and thousands of delegates.
  • The festival aimed to symbolically unite African and diaspora cultures on an unprecedented scale.
ANECDOTE

Arrival Under Military Watch

  • Viola remembered the plane warming as it crossed the equator and seeing armed military at the airport on arrival.
  • She felt uneasy about the heavy military presence despite the festival's celebratory purpose.
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