Oligarchy For Me, Retaliation For Thee

In this book, Francis Fukuyama argues that the level of trust within a society is a crucial factor in its economic success. He contends that societies with high levels of trust, such as Germany, Japan, and the United States, are more likely to create flexible and large-scale business organizations necessary for competing in the global economy. Fukuyama examines various national cultures to identify the underlying principles that foster social and economic prosperity, emphasizing the importance of social capital and the interconnectedness of economic and cultural life. He challenges both neoclassical and state-centered economic theories by highlighting the role of trust and social virtues in economic development.

This book, published in 1974, presents an analysis of the political landscape in the United States, forecasting the emergence of a Democratic majority. It discusses the implications of new political trends and demographic changes on the electoral landscape. The foreword is written by Harold E. Hughes, adding additional insights to the analysis.

In this book, Francis Fukuyama argues that a stable democratic society is built on three main components: a strong and capable state, the rule of law, and accountability mechanisms. He explores the evolution of these traits through various historical cultures, from the emergence of tribal societies to the development of modern states in China, India, and Europe. Fukuyama draws on a vast body of knowledge including history, evolutionary biology, archaeology, and economics to provide fresh insights on the origins of democratic societies and the challenges they face. The book also examines the roles of violence and religion in shaping political order and highlights the importance of balancing state power with social forces to achieve accountability and stability.

Jean-Jacques Rousseau's "Discourse on the Origin and Basis of Inequality Among Mankind" is a seminal work in political philosophy. Rousseau explores the nature of inequality, tracing its origins from the state of nature to the development of society. He argues that inequality is not inherent to human nature but is a product of social institutions and conventions. Rousseau's critique of civilization and his emphasis on the importance of individual freedom and self-governance have had a profound impact on political thought. The discourse remains a significant contribution to political philosophy, its themes of inequality, freedom, and the social contract continue to be debated and discussed today.

In this book, Francis Fukuyama posits that human history is moving towards a state of idealized harmony through the mechanisms of liberal democracy. He argues that liberal democracy is the final form of human government, driven by two powerful forces: the logic of modern science and the struggle for recognition. Fukuyama draws on the philosophical ideas of Hegel and Kojeve, suggesting that liberal democracy meets the economic and psychological needs of humanity, including the desire for recognition and dignity. The book explores the implications of this thesis, including the potential paradox that the satisfaction of basic needs might lead to a lack of outlets for human striving and recognition.

In 'Regime Change: Toward a Postliberal Future', Patrick Deneen presents a vision for a postliberal society, critiquing the current liberal order for eroding traditional social structures such as family, religion, and local community. Deneen argues that classical liberalism has created a self-serving elite that benefits at the expense of the working class. He proposes a new elite aligned with the interests of the working class, advocating for a mixed regime that combines elements of aristocracy and democracy. The book builds on his previous work, 'Why Liberalism Failed', and suggests a strategic formation of a new elite devoted to 'pre-postmodern conservatism' and the common good, particularly attentive to the voice and status of the working class.