Disinformation and the Surreal Heart of the New Russia
Feb 27, 2025
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In this insightful discussion, Peter Pomerantsev, a senior fellow at the NSF Agora Institute and expert on Russian propaganda, teams up with Ivana Stradner, a research fellow focusing on Russia's security strategies. They dive into the surreal landscape of Russian disinformation, revealing how media consumption has evolved under authoritarianism. They also highlight the stark contrast between Ukraine's push for democracy and Russia's entrenched regime. The conversation touches on the complexities of Putin's legacy and the ongoing struggle for freedom amidst sophisticated propaganda tactics.
The disillusionment experienced by those who anticipated a democratic transformation in post-Soviet Russia contrasts sharply with the current authoritarian reality driven by propaganda.
The podcast highlights the detrimental impact of information fragmentation on public discourse in the U.S., making it difficult to establish a unified national consensus.
Deep dives
Personal Experiences and Cultural Reflections
The speaker shares personal experiences from their time as an exchange student at Leningrad State University in 1972, where they may have interacted with Vladimir Putin, reflecting on the anticipation of a post-Soviet Russia. Initially believing that the end of the Soviet Union would lead to a liberating transformation, they express disappointment at the current state of Russia. They reminisce about the rich cultural and artistic heritage of Russia, revealing a deep love for its music, literature, and art. The contrast between these hopes and the reality of contemporary Russia serves to highlight the disillusionment felt by many who expected a more democratic and free society.
The Challenges of Information and Communication
The discussion emphasizes the evolution of information access and its impact on public perception in Russia compared to the Soviet era. It is noted that despite having increased access to various information sources, the population is inundated with propaganda that breeds doubt and cynicism. The fragmentation of information available to the American public is also explored, suggesting that this chaos makes it more challenging to foster a national consensus. The need for a common space for public debate, akin to the ancient Agora, is highlighted as vital for maintaining democratic discourse.
Authoritarianism and the Russian State
The speakers delve into the reasons behind Russia's drift towards authoritarianism, discussing various theories such as the influence of natural resources and geography. They illustrate how the Russian government's propaganda creates a narrative that promotes a strong leader as essential for national unity, which in turn resonates with the populace. Personal observations from Peter Pomerantsev, who lived through the transition from a chaotic democracy to an authoritarian regime, underscore the appeal of such solutions amidst uncertainty and instability. This dynamic is seen as deeply rooted in Russian history and familial structures, which have historically embraced authoritarian governance.
The Future of Russia and its Influence Abroad
In examining the trajectory of Putin's regime, the conversation raises concerns about the long-term implications of the authoritarian system and whether it will persist after Putin's departure. Speculations surrounding the potential for change or continued imperialist ambitions within Russia are discussed, highlighting that even a post-Putin regime may not lead to democracy. The impact of Russian propaganda on geopolitics and its cooperation with countries like China and Iran is explored, emphasizing a strategic approach that includes resource exploitation and military cooperation. The focus on maintaining a narrative of national superiority suggests that entrenched ideologies within Russian society may prevail despite any leadership transitions.
Back when host Cliff May was an exchange student at Leningrad State University in 1972, he believed that if the Soviet Union ever collapsed that Russia would become a free country. Well, that’s not how things turned out.
Peter Pomerantsev has a book on Russian propaganda: “Nothing is True and Everything is Possible: The Surreal Heart of the New Russia.”
He joins Cliff along with Ivana Stradner, a research fellow with FDD’s Barish Center for Media Integrity, to discuss.
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