

Yonatan Y. Brafman, "Critique of Halakhic Reason: Divine Commandments and Social Normativity" (Oxford UP, 2024)
Jun 2, 2025
Yonatan Y. Brafman, an Associate Professor of Modern Judaism at Tufts University, shares insights from his new book, dissecting the complex relationship between divine commandments and social norms. He explores how reasoning behind commandments varies, influenced by our ties to God and societal values. Brafman critiques traditional Jewish law by integrating contemporary philosophical thought, discussing how legal obligations can adapt and evolve. He emphasizes the importance of moral reflection and the dialogue between divine authority and human interpretation in halakha.
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Normativity of Commandments Beyond Culture
- Jewish commandments have a normative claim beyond cultural practices; they are regarded as obligations, not just rituals.
- This challenges the common multicultural perspective that treats religious practice as mere cultural expression.
Three Sources of Normativity
- Three major 20th-century Jewish thinkers offer distinct sources for the obligatory nature of commandments: metaphysical values, existential choice, and divine command.
- These perspectives comprehensively frame how obligation in halakhah can be understood and challenge us to identify the correct foundation for normativity.
Living Halakha in Debate
- Controversies like mitzitzah b'peh reveal that halakha is not a fixed set of rules but a living tradition shaped by debate.
- Different theological views affect how such practices are assessed regarding ethics and obligation within Jewish law.