M. D. Usher, Professor of Classical Languages and Literature, discusses the importance of saying no and questioning societal norms. They explore the significance of teaching individuals to say no and viewing the world through a child's eyes. They also delve into the philosophy of cynicism and its contrasts to modern cynicism. The concept of appropriate technology and its connection to cynicism is explored, along with the influence of cynics on modern movements.
The ancient philosophy of cynicism can help us challenge societal norms, question received ideas, and critically think about information overload and disinformation in the modern world.
The cynics' lifestyle of simplicity and doing without offers a valuable perspective in a consumer-driven society, where questioning the need for luxury and excess can lead to greater fulfillment and contentment.
Deep dives
The Importance of Saying No and Questioning Premises
The podcast episode explores the importance of saying no and questioning societal norms and premises, focusing on the teachings and lifestyle of the ancient Greek cynics. The cynics believed in challenging the basic assumptions and pressures of conformity in society through their way of life. They emphasized the need to critically think about received ideas and to question the information overload and disinformation prevalent in the modern world. The podcast suggests that the cynics serve as models for critical thinking and for saying no to societal norms and expectations.
The Cynics' Lifestyle and the Ability to Say No
The podcast highlights that the cynics lived out their philosophy through their lifestyle, which emphasized simplicity and doing without. They believed in the philosophy of less is more, questioning the need for luxury and excess. The cynics saw value in living with minimal possessions and not being controlled by material desires. The podcast suggests that the cynics' lifestyle of doing without and saying no to unnecessary desires can offer a valuable perspective in a society driven by consumerism and excess.
The Cynics as Philosophers of Action
The podcast dispels the notion that the cynics were philosophers in the traditional sense with a prescribed set of doctrines. Instead, the cynics were seen as lifestyleists and performance artists who lived their philosophy through action. While they had certain teachings and beliefs, their focus was on practical ethics and training oneself to do without. Unlike other philosophical schools, the cynics sought to live virtuously without the need for excessive intellectual debate or doctrinal adherence. The podcast suggests that the cynics' philosophy of action and practical ethics provide an alternative approach to living virtuously.
Lessons from Cynicism for the Modern World
The podcast explores how cynicism can address modern issues such as appropriate technology, externalities, and the philosophy of degrowth. The cynics' emphasis on doing with as little as necessary and questioning excessive consumption aligns with the idea of appropriate technology, which advocates for using minimal resources to accomplish a task. Additionally, the cynics' awareness of externalities and the adverse effects of societal practices on the environment and people resonate with current concerns about sustainability. Lastly, the cynics' philosophy of degrowth challenges the notion of unlimited growth and calls for simplification and a focus on what truly benefits individuals and society.
Why should we say “no”? What is the importance of being able to do so? And can the ancient philosophy of cynicism help us with our modern ills? Today we’ll look at one of the most controversial philosophers from the classical world - Diogenes the Dog - and how his example can be good for us...?
Today’s Classical Wisdom Speaks Podcast is with M. D. Usher is the Lyman-Roberts Professor of Classical Languages and Literature and a member of the Department of Geography and Geosciences at the University of Vermont. Mark has recently published a book with PUP called, “How to Say No: An Ancient Guide to the Art of Cynicism ”, of which we’ll be speaking about today.
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