Part Two: The Great Revolt: Palestinian Resistance to Early Zionism
May 8, 2024
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Historian Matt Lieb discusses multi-faith Palestinian resistance to early Zionist colonization, exploring topics like Palestinian women's role in organizing, evolution of Chrysanthemum Flowers military unit, resistance movements against British Mandate and Zionism, and the spark of 1935 resistance leading to the Arab revolt.
Palestinian resistance intensified in 1929 with the Al Barak uprising fueled by tensions over a holy place in Jerusalem, reflecting broader anger towards the Zionist project.
Women like Mateo Mogannam and the Chrysanthemum Flowers played significant roles in organizing resistance and defending Jaffa during the Nakba in 1948, highlighting diverse contributions to the struggle for Palestinian liberation.
The late 1930s Palestinian uprising against British rule and Zionists showcased unity through non-violent resistance, tax strikes, and a general strike, despite facing oppressive measures, emphasizing resilience and solidarity.
Deep dives
Early Palestinian Resistance to Zionism
In the early 1920s, Palestinian resistance to Zionism faced challenges when attempting to address issues through diplomatic channels, leading to a lackluster period. The resistance intensified in 1929 with the Al Barak uprising, sparked by tensions over a holy place in Jerusalem and reflecting broader anger towards the Zionist project.
Diverse Resistance Strategies and Leadership
Following the Al Barak uprising, Palestinians explored various resistance strategies, including violence through groups like the Green Hand Gang and later the Black Hand. These groups engaged in armed resistance and aimed to end the settlement of Palestine. The resistance also involved women like Mateo Mogannam, who contributed significantly to organizing and advocating for women's rights and education.
Chrysanthemum Flowers and Political Developments
The Chrysanthemum Flowers, an all-women military unit formed in the 1930s, played a crucial role in the defense of Jaffa during the Nakba in 1948. Political parties emerged promoting resistance to Zionism and pan-Arab alliances, while Britain's proposed legislations aimed at shared governance faced resistance from Zionist factions, signaling escalating tensions in Palestine.
The Palestinian Uprising Against British Rule and Zionists
The podcast details the Palestinian uprising against British rule and Zionist settlers in the late 1930s. The revolt began as a grassroots movement led by villagers and working-class individuals who were fighting against colonial occupation and the proposed partitioning of Palestine. The rebellion involved non-violent resistance, tax strikes, and a six-month-long general strike, showcasing the unity and determination of the Palestinian people in their struggle for self-determination. Despite facing overwhelming military force and divide-and-conquer tactics, the rebellion showcased resilience and solidarity, with civilians and rebels pushing back against oppressive measures and taking a stand for their rights and freedom.
British Response and Factors Leading to Rebellion's End
The British authorities, faced with the growing revolt, responded with extreme measures, including the use of human shields, torture, and collective punishment against Palestinian villages. The rebellion faced challenges from internal divisions and leadership deportations, leading to a gradual decline in resistance. The British's relentless use of force and divide-and-conquer tactics ultimately quelled the rebellion, although the uprising left a lasting impact on Palestinian identity and the struggle for liberation. The podcast highlights the complexities of the conflict, underscoring the importance of understanding historical context and narratives in analyzing the ongoing Palestinian-Israeli conflict.