Marxism 101: Intro to Historical Materialism (and the Necessity of Socialism)
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Apr 6, 2025
Dive into an engaging exploration of historical materialism as Breht unpacks its role in the evolution of human societies. Learn how capitalism influences culture and the legal system, showcasing its discrepancies in favor of wealth. Discover the necessity for socialism as a response to capitalism's failures and the importance of organized revolutionary action. The discussion highlights the interplay of law, ideology, and class struggle, arguing for a revolutionary framework to achieve a classless society.
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insights INSIGHT
Dialectical and Historical Materialism
Marxism uses dialectical materialism to understand reality.
Historical materialism applies this framework to human history and societal evolution.
insights INSIGHT
Historical Materialism's Core Assertion
Historical materialism posits that material conditions shape human consciousness, not the other way around.
This explains how capitalism influences individual beliefs and behaviors, like opposing social programs.
question_answer ANECDOTE
Capitalism's Influence on Beliefs
Breht uses opposition to social welfare programs, like the "bootstraps" argument, to illustrate how capitalism shapes thinking.
People internalize capitalist values, hindering support for programs that could benefit them.
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The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State
Ernest Untermann
Friedrich Engels
In this work, Friedrich Engels delves into the interplay between familial structures, economic systems, and state formation. He argues that the oppression of women and the emergence of class society are historically linked to the production of a surplus and the division of society into classes. The book also discusses how the state arose as a tool to defend the ruling class. Engels bases his analysis on the research of anthropologist Lewis Henry Morgan and uses the method of historical materialism to explain these societal developments.
In this lecture, Breht provides an accessible but rigorous introduction to the Marxist theory of history: historical materialism. Breht explains how historical materialism is dialectical materialism applied to the evolution of human societies over time, the role that the base-superstructure model has in understanding culture and ideology, the long march from hunter-gatherer communal societies to slave empires to feudal monarchies to capitalist republics and beyond - to socialist democracy and ultimately to the communist transcendence of class society altogether, marking humanities maturation beyond its predatory phase and into history proper. Throughout the lecture, Breht provides examples, explores nuances, and highlights the pitfalls of attempts to change the system without the theoretical and practical tools of Marxism.
This lecture is part of the Omaha-based political education program Socialist Night School