138. Steven Pinker (Cognitive Scientist) – The Defeat of Defeatism
Mar 10, 2018
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Cognitive scientist Steven Pinker discusses his book 'Enlightenment Now' and challenges defeatism by presenting data on improvements in human well-being. Topics include the rejection of romanticism, appreciating progress, challenges faced by popular movements, job displacement due to automation, decoupling meaning from work, and the role of government.
According to Steven Pinker, human well-being has shown positive trends in health, safety, education, and happiness since the 18th century, thanks to reason, science, and Enlightenment humanism.
Pinker underscores the importance of humanism as a moral framework that prioritizes individual flourishing, universal human rights, and meaningful experiences, filling the value statement gap left by reason and science.
Deep dives
The Evidence for Progress
Psychologist Steven Pinker's book 'Enlightenment Now' presents compelling evidence that human well-being has improved across multiple dimensions since the 18th century. Health, safety, education, and happiness have all shown positive trends. Through reason, science, and enlightenment, humanism has played a significant role in these advancements.
A Critique of Romanticism and Postmodernism
Pinker challenges the romantic notion that humans are essentially disposable cells within a larger cultural body. He argues that individual human flourishing and universal human rights are preferable to the dangers of cultural collectivism. He also criticizes the postmodernist belief that all truth is tactical, highlighting the incoherence of denying the existence of truth itself.
The Importance of Humanism
Pinker emphasizes the importance of humanism as the moral framework guiding human behavior. While reason and science contribute to progress, they do not provide value statements. Humanism, centered on the well-being and flourishing of individuals, fills this gap. It prioritizes life, knowledge, health, happiness, and meaningful experiences as the core components of a good life.
Addressing Concerns over Progress and Automation
Pinker acknowledges the concerns about job displacement due to automation and technological progress. He argues for the decoupling of a good life from traditional employment and exploring alternative sources of meaning and contribution to society. He suggests a potential solution in the form of a modern version of the Works Progress Administration (WPA) to provide meaningful work that aligns with societal needs.
I admit it. I confess. I’ve got a touch of what my guest today calls “progressophobia”. Ever since Charles Dickens got hold of me back in middle school, and William Blake after that, I’ve been a little suspicious of the Great Onward March of science and technology. Gene therapy, healthier crops, safer, more efficient forms of nuclear energy? Very nice, very nice. But what about eugenics, climate change, and Fukushima? For every problem human ingenuity solves, doesn’t human nature create a new one, on a bigger scale? Dammit, Spock, can your cold, calculating reason fathom the mysteries of the human heart?
But you know what? After devouring all 453 pages and 75 graphs of psychologist Steven Pinker’s new book ENLIGHTENMENT NOW, I admit defeat. The defeat of defeatism. This man has done the math. Since the 18th century things have been getting better in pretty much every dimension of human well-being. Health, safety, education, happiness, you name it… And we’ve done it with the most reliable tools we have: reason, science, and Enlightenment humanism.
Surprise conversation-starter clips in this episode: