ID:IOTS - Infectious Disease Insight Of Two Specialists 8. Pneumonia
Sep 29, 2021
The hosts dive into the world of pneumonia, mixing humor with serious insights. They discuss the differences between typical and atypical pneumonia, including the unique culprits like Mycoplasma and Legionella. Diagnostic methods are explored, comparing traditional techniques with PCR testing. The complexities of pneumonia severity and treatment options, including the CURB-65 scoring system, are thoroughly examined. They also address the importance of managing antibiotic resistance and the differences between community and hospital-acquired pneumonia.
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Clear Definition And Subtypes
- Pneumonia is infection of terminal bronchioles and alveoli, distinct from bronchitis and bronchiolitis.
- Community, healthcare (hospital/long-term care) and ventilator-acquired are useful clinical subtypes.
Assess Pneumonia Risk Factors
- Recognize common risk factors: chronic lung, kidney, liver disease, cancer, dementia, stroke, diabetes, immunosuppression and hospitalization.
- Note lifestyle risks like smoking, alcohol, underweight and overcrowding to guide prevention and suspicion.
Many Cases Have No Identified Bug
- About half of community pneumonia cases yield no cultured organism.
- Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common cultured pathogen, then Haemophilus influenzae, with viruses in ~13% of cases.