Restoring sight to blind kids, making babies without a womb, and challenging the benefits of clinical trials
May 30, 2024
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Jennifer Couzin-Frankel discusses the pros and cons of cancer clinical trials, challenging the benefits. Lukas Vogelsang explores color vision in late-sighted kids. Claire Horn talks about growing babies without a womb in her book 'Eve: The Disobedient Future of Birth'.
Participating in cancer clinical trials may not always improve survival rates due to confounding factors and biases.
Late-sighted individuals rely heavily on color cues for object identification, suggesting potential interventions to mitigate reliance on color cues.
Deep dives
Research on Clinical Trials Survival Benefit
Recent studies suggest that participation in cancer clinical trials might not always offer a survival benefit as widely believed. Trials provide standardized care but may not necessarily enhance survival rates according to a recent meta-analysis. Confounding factors like health conditions and biases can impact trial outcomes, raising questions about the true benefits of trial participation in terms of survival.
Color Object Recognition in Late-Sighted Individuals
Late-sighted individuals, who gain vision later in life, exhibit challenges in recognizing objects when presented in grayscale versus color. Research indicates that these individuals rely heavily on color cues for identification, potentially due to exposure to mature retinas when vision is restored. Training programs or interventions might help mitigate the reliance on color cues for object recognition in late-sighted individuals.
Developmental Nature of Vision Maturation
Babies initially perceive the world with immature retinas, leading to poor color vision that improves over time. In contrast, late-sighted individuals, treated when mature retinas are present, begin with mature color vision upon restoration of sight. This early exposure to mature retinas may contribute to reliance on specific color cues for object identification in late-sighted individuals.
Future Implications of Ectogenesis in Reproduction
Ectogenesis, the concept of human reproduction entirely outside the body, raises complex ethical and legal considerations. Research into artificial womb technologies and embryo development outside the human body offers potential but faces barriers to practical application. Exploring the potential social and political impacts, such as redistributing reproductive labor and feminist perspectives, hints at future societal changes in reproductive technologies.
Studying color vision in with children who gain sight later in life, joining a cancer trial doesn’t improve survival odds, and the first in our books series this year
First on this week’s show, Staff Writer Jennifer Couzin-Frankel joins host Sarah Crespi to discuss the pros and cons of participating in clinical trials. Her story challenges the common thinking that participating in a trial is beneficial—even in the placebo group—for cancer patients.
Next, Lukas Vogelsang, a postdoctoral fellow in the department of brain and cognitive sciences at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, talks about research into color vision with “late-sighted” kids. Studying children who were born blind and then later gained vision gave researchers new insights into how vision develops in babies and may even help train computers to see better.
Last up on the show is the first in our series of books podcasts on a future to look forward to. Books host Angela Saini talks with author Claire Horn, a researcher based at Dalhousie University’s Health Justice Institute. They discuss the implications of growing babies from fertilized egg to newborn infant—completely outside the body—and Horn’s book Eve: The Disobedient Future of Birth.
This week’s episode was produced with help from Podigy.