Join BBC climate editor Justin Rowlatt, who offers expert insights on the COP29 conference in Azerbaijan, as he discusses the challenges facing world leaders and the need for effective climate action. Emma Pinchbeck, incoming chief executive of the UK Climate Change Committee, shares her views on Keir Starmer's climate strategy and the potential impact of a Trump presidency on global efforts. Delve into the urgent climate negotiations, ambitious carbon reduction plans, and the pressing transition to sustainable energy solutions.
COP29 faces attendance challenges and tensions due to fossil fuel dependency, overshadowing critical commitments from the Paris Agreement.
The urgency for financial pledges from developed nations is paramount for supporting developing countries' climate adaptation efforts amidst evolving international cooperation dynamics.
Deep dives
Overview of COP29 and its Challenges
The COP29 climate change conference is taking place in Baku, Azerbaijan, marking a follow-up to the previous COP26 held in Glasgow. Attendance at COP29 has been relatively lower compared to prior conferences, with notable absences from key global leaders like those from the United States, European Union, and China, which has raised concerns about the event's overall significance. Azerbaijan, as the host, faces logistical challenges due to its smaller administrative capacity, which affects the organization of such a large-scale event. This year's conference is critical as it aims to continue the commitments made in the Paris Agreement, focusing on carbon emission reductions, climate finance, and adaptation strategies for affected regions.
Fossil Fuel Ties and Controversial Statements
The conference has been overshadowed by revelations concerning secret discussions between the COP29 leadership and fossil fuel companies, which contradict the conference's climate objectives. The Azerbaijani president publicly defended his country's reliance on oil and gas, labeling these resources as a 'gift from God' while accusing Western nations of hypocrisy for previously soliciting gas supplies during an energy crisis. This controversial rhetoric appeared to resonate with some, reflecting a significant tension between fossil fuel dependency and the call for climate action. The atmosphere surrounding these statements has introduced a level of discomfort among delegates, complicating diplomatic conversations at the conference.
Commitments and Financial Challenges
Countries are expected to announce commitments to reduce carbon emissions, with the UK setting an ambitious target of an 81% reduction by 2035 compared to 1990 levels. However, there is disappointment regarding the lack of additional financial pledges from developed nations, which is crucial for supporting developing countries in their adaptation efforts. Estimates suggest that developing nations require up to a trillion dollars annually to tackle the impacts of climate change, a figure that remains contentious and under-discussed among delegating countries. The urgency surrounding financing is clear, with significant skepticism about achieving the necessary funding to support global climate initiatives.
The Role of Major Nations and Future Outlook
The dynamics of international cooperation are evolving, particularly with the potential repercussions of a change in U.S. leadership, which may impact the global climate negotiation framework. Insights indicate that while the U.S. might withdraw from certain commitments, other major economies like China and India continue to pursue ambitious renewable energy targets, maintaining momentum for global climate action. The outcomes of COP29 are expected to shape the direction of international climate negotiations, with a focus on maintaining accountability within the framework established by past agreements. Analysts predict that, despite hurdles, discussions at the conference will ideally reinforce collaborative efforts to address climate challenges and reconsider contributions towards collective climate funds.
Today we look at the COP29 climate conference in Azerbaijan.
World leaders, diplomats and climate scientists have gathered in Baku for the annual UN climate summit. Adam speaks to BBC climate editor Justin Rowlatt and host of The Climate Question Graihagh Jackson to find out what they’re hoping to achieve and why so few
And, Emma Pinchbeck the incoming chief executive of the Climate Change Committee speaks to Adam about Keir Starmer’s plans for the climate and the impact of a Trump presidency on international climate cooperation.
You can sign up to Justin’s Future Earth newsletter here: bbc.co.uk/futureearthnewsletter
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Newscast brings you daily analysis of the latest political news stories from the BBC. It was presented by Adam Fleming. It was made by Miranda Slade with Gemma Roper. The technical producer was Daniel Ehrlich. The assistant editor is Chris Gray. The editor is Sam Bonham.
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