Overview of Taiwan's Geography and Population

Taiwan is located approximately 110 nautical miles off the southeast coast of China, nestled between the Japanese and Philippine archipelagos. The island has a population of about 23.5 million, leading to a densely populated area along its western coast, while the eastern side remains more rugged and mountainous. Historically, Taiwan's economy transitioned from light industry in textiles to a significant focus on high-end semiconductors and electronics, with companies like Taiwan Semiconductor and Foxconn playing critical roles. This strategic location and economic prowess contribute to its geopolitical significance, especially in the context of escalating tensions with China.