Explore the history and impact of book banning in America, from the religious beliefs of Anthony Comstock to the influence of the Ku Klux Klan. Discover specific incidents of book bans, such as the Howell trial and the Kanaw County dispute. Delve into the ongoing controversy over literature in American schools and the struggle to define what should be taught and stocked in libraries.
Book bans in America have a long history, with groups like the Ku Klux Klan actively participating in censorship, highlighting the ongoing struggle to define American values.
The culture wars over books and education have been marked by extreme moments of violence and controversy, but there have also been instances of compromise and cooler heads prevailing, demonstrating the resilience of America's intellectual freedom.
Deep dives
The History of Book Bans
Book bans in America have a long history, with groups like the Ku Klux Klan actively participating in book censorship. The Comstock laws in the late 19th century sought to regulate and criminalize materials deemed obscene, leading to the banning of books and other media. The fight over school curricula and book bans intensified in the 1920s and 1930s, driven by the changing social landscape and the attempt to define American values. From the 1950s to the present, book bans and challenges have continued, with various groups objecting to specific themes, language, or ideas expressed in literature. Despite the ongoing debate, there have been cases where controversial books have been removed or restricted, but often with little lasting impact or changes in curriculum.
Book Banning Culture Wars
The current culture war over books in America is not a new phenomenon. It has occurred throughout history, with different ideological groups and politicians attempting to shape school curricula and ban specific books. The 1920s marked a turning point in the shaping of these culture wars, with the Ku Klux Klan actively engaging in book banning, particularly targeting literature that challenged their notion of American values. The fight for control over education has continued over the years, resulting in violent clashes, arson attacks, and even political involvement at the highest levels. However, the outcome of these battles has often shown that the majority of people support diverse and inclusive educational materials.
Intense Moments and Chronic Tensions
Book banning controversies have reached intense levels at various points in American history. The 1970s witnessed a particularly explosive moment when a school board member in West Virginia led a boycott and a campaign against literature textbooks that she considered immoral and un-American. The issue escalated to the point of bombings and shootings, emphasizing the intensity of the culture wars surrounding books and education. However, it is also important to note that these extreme moments represent exceptions rather than the norm. The chronic tension surrounding book bans and the struggle to define American identity has been ongoing, but there have been many instances where cooler heads prevailed and compromises were reached.
The Current State of the Culture War
While the current culture war over book bans and school curricula may seem intense, it has not reached the levels of violence seen in the past. Despite the contentious debates and polarization, it is crucial to remember that America has weathered similar storms throughout history. The challenges to literature and education have ebbed and flowed, reflecting the ongoing struggle to define national identity and navigate changing cultural norms. Though the current moment is fraught with tension and uncertainty, it is vital to remain vigilant in defending intellectual freedom and the importance of a diverse and inclusive education for future generations.
When it comes to books, America has had the same cultural arguments since its founding. One group perpetually focused on the moral ramifications and societal threats a story poses, while another group argues that questioning morals and societal norms makes for a healthier individual, and democracy. Today, however, local has become national. Historically, what's taught in public schools has been by and large a local issue, not a crusade. But our current moment is impacting people at a grand scale. We talk to SUNY Binghamton professor Adam Laats and historian Gillian Frank to get the full perspective on America’s history of banning books.
