Rory Stewart, a longtime administrator of foreign aid and president of GiveDirectly, discusses the effectiveness of direct cash transfers in alleviating poverty. He highlights the importance of coordination with other aid programs and the positive impact of empowering those in extreme poverty. The podcast also explores challenges in international development aid and proposes allocating half of the budget for cash transfers to eradicate poverty.
Unconditional cash transfers provide freedom for individuals to address their own needs and priorities in combating extreme poverty.
Shifting from conditional to unconditional cash transfers allows individuals to make their own decisions and tailor assistance for better outcomes in areas such as nutrition and business development.
Deep dives
The Impact of Global Aid and Unconditional Cash Transfers
Rory Stewart, President of Give Directly, discusses the importance of global aid and the effectiveness of unconditional cash transfers in combating extreme poverty. He highlights that while there was a decline in global poverty due to China's success, poverty in regions like Sub-Saharan Africa has increased. Stewart emphasizes the extreme destitution experienced by many, where people lack basic necessities and live in dire conditions. He argues that traditional development models have been flawed and that cash transfers provide the freedom for individuals to address their own needs and priorities. He also mentions the role of public infrastructure and good governance in poverty alleviation.
The Evolution of Aid Models: From Conditional to Unconditional Cash Transfers
Stewart explores the shift in aid models, particularly the move from conditional to unconditional cash transfers. He acknowledges that while conditional cash transfers were previously emphasized, the administrative burden and monitoring requirements often wasted resources and limited impact. Through randomized control trials, it was discovered that the extreme poor who received unconditional cash transfers spent it on their genuine priorities, leading to better outcomes in areas such as nutrition and business development. Stewart highlights the importance of giving individuals the autonomy to make their own decisions and tailor assistance to their unique circumstances.
The Role of Give Directly and the Potential of Cash Transfers
Stewart provides insights into the work of Give Directly, a nonprofit that directly provides cash transfers to those in extreme poverty. He shares examples of their projects, such as electrification in Rwanda, noting the transformative impact that cash transfers have had on communities. Stewart emphasizes the importance of coordination with other actors in the aid sector, such as governments and multilateral organizations, to ensure effectiveness and avoid duplication of efforts. He also addresses concerns about corruption and fraud, highlighting that transparency and accountability are essential in cash transfer programs.
Rory Stewart is a longtime administrator of foreign aid, from working as a diplomat in the field to the highest levels of government. He now heads GiveDirectly, one of the world’s fastest-growing nonprofits, which is popularizing direct cash transfers as an effective way to alleviate poverty. He joins Global Reboot host Ravi Agrawal to share his insights.
Rory Stewart previously served as a cabinet member in the British government and is the host of the popular podcast The Rest is Politics.
Global Reboot is produced in partnership with the Doha Forum.