Economics drive the cultivation of water-intensive crops

Farmers in the desert are growing water-intensive crops like cotton, wheat, barley, alfalfa, and corn because there is a guaranteed market and subsidies for these crops. The agricultural industry relies on these crops due to their ability to tolerate heat, salinity, and seasonalities well suited to Arizona. Farmers cannot take the risk of changing crops without certainty of demand and financial support. However, the growing water scarcity and environmental concerns make it challenging for farmers to transition to sustainable food practices.