Leigh Vicens, Associate Professor of Philosophy at Augustana University, delves into the intricate relationship between sin and free will within Christian thought. She explores theological determinism and compatibilism, unpacking their implications for human agency and moral responsibility. The discussion also critiques libertarian views, highlighting challenges like trans world depravity. Moreover, the conversation touches on universalism, addressing moral questions and inviting deeper reflection on the essence of divine justice and love.
The podcast explores the complex relationship between human responsibility and the Christian understanding of sin, highlighting various theological positions.
Different theological approaches, including compatibilism, libertarianism, and skepticism, address the contradictions surrounding free will and moral accountability in the context of sin.
Deep dives
Understanding the Puzzle of Sin and Free Will
The puzzle of sin and free will examines the relationship between human responsibility and the Christian understanding of sin. In traditional thought, being responsible for one's actions implies the freedom to choose, yet scriptural interpretations suggest that humans are bound by sin. This apparent contradiction arises from views that depict sin as universally inherent, as articulated in the writings of Saint Paul, where sin dominates and enslaves individuals. The challenge is reconciling this dominion of sin with the notion of personal accountability for those very actions deemed sinful.
Exploring Theological Perspectives
Various theological positions attempt to address this dilemma, including compatibilism, libertarianism, and skepticism. Compatibilism suggests that while humans are determined to sin, they can still fulfill the control conditions necessary for moral responsibility, allowing them to be accountable despite the inherent nature of sin. In contrast, libertarianism posits that while sin should be viewed as likely, it is not inevitable, thereby maintaining human freedom in the face of sinfulness. Skepticism challenges the very concept of free will, with some variations arguing that individuals may lack accountability due to the unequal distribution of circumstances impacting moral choices.
Navigating Challenges and Solutions
Each perspective faces substantial criticisms, particularly regarding divine programming and the implications of punishment. For compatibilists, the notion that God could be seen as the author of sin poses theological issues. Libertarians confront the challenge of explaining why sin appears universally relevant if true freedom exists. Skeptics struggle with defining moral responsibility in a manner that respects scripture’s portrayals of sin and divine wrath, leading to debates about potential frameworks that could stabilize these interpretations while retaining fidelity to faith and philosophy.
In this episode, we talk with Leigh Vicens about what she calls the puzzle of sin and free will in Christianity. We consider how compatibilists, libertarians, and free will skeptics might respond to the puzzle.