This podcast highlights the annual review of Brain Science. Topics covered include the exploration of free will and its connection to evolution, the stories of various neuroscientists and their research on plant behavior and intelligence, the integration of cognitive and emotional processes in the brain, an overview of neurotransmitters and their role in signaling, the complexity of synapses and protein lifespan, reflection on consciousness with a philosopher, and the encouragement of subscribing to the show and accessing early episodes.
Molecular biologist Seth Grant's research on synapse proteomics reveals a predictable pattern of protein distribution across synapses throughout the lifespan, with implications for neurologic diseases and treatments.
Philosopher Thomas Metzinger challenges traditional notions of the self and explores consciousness as a biological process, emphasizing the importance of understanding altered states and the role of the body in human cognition.
Deep dives
Understanding the Complexity of Synapses: Seth Grant's Groundbreaking Work
Molecular biologist Seth Grant's research on proteomics of the synapse reveals that synapses contain thousands of proteins, some with short lifetimes and some with long lifetimes. This distribution of proteins across synapses appears to follow a predictable pattern throughout the lifespan, with more long-lived proteins in brain regions associated with higher cognitive functions. Grant's work provides valuable insights into the complexity of synapse function and its implications for neurologic diseases and treatments.
The Egotonal: Thomas Metzinger's Exploration of Consciousness
Philosopher Thomas Metzinger's book 'The Egotonal' challenges traditional notions of the self and explores consciousness as a biological process. Metzinger emphasizes the need for any valid theory of consciousness to include an explanation of altered states. He underscores that our conscious experience is internally generated by the brain and limited to a small portion of what is actually happening. Metzinger's thought-provoking ideas on embodiment and the role of the body in consciousness provide valuable insights into the study of human cognition.
Exploring the Proteomics of Synapses: Seth Grant's Synapse Protein Lifetime Atlas
Molecular biologist Seth Grant's latest paper presents a brain atlas of synapse protein lifetime across the lifespan. Using an irreversible tagging technology, the study reveals that some proteins in synapses are short-lived, lasting hours to days, while others are long-lived, lasting weeks to months. Interestingly, as animals age, the number of long-lived proteins increases. The paper also shows that mouse models for autism and schizophrenia exhibit an increase in the number of long-lived proteins. Grant's findings provide important insights into synapse complexity and its relation to neurologic diseases.
Challenging Notions of Self and Consciousness: Thomas Metzinger's Provocative Ideas
Philosopher Thomas Metzinger's book 'The Egotonal' challenges traditional ideas of the self and explores consciousness as a biological process. Metzinger emphasizes the need to understand altered states in any valid theory of consciousness, highlighting that consciousness is internally generated by the brain and limited in scope. His ideas on embodiment and the role of the body in consciousness offer unique perspectives on human cognition.
This is the 17th Annual Review episode of Brain Science, celebrating the first episode which aired on December 15, 2006. We review the highlights of 2023, which included both new guests and the return of several favorites.
Episodes Released in 2023:
BS 204 (Encore) and BS 205 featured molecular biologist Guy Caldwell, PhD from the University of Alabama. Caldwell uses the tiny roundworm C. Elegans to search for potential treatments of Parkinson's Disease.
BS 206: Paco Calvo, PhD, author of Planta Sapiens: The New Science of Intelligence.
BS 211 Seth Grant returned for a record 6th time. We reviewed his career and discussed recent discoveries about how synaptic proteins change as we age. Grant is my favorite guest because he makes complex ideas accessible to listeners of all backgrounds.