Austrians launch final relief attempt at the starved Mantua garrison. Napoleon fights an innovative battle at Rivoli, devastating the enemy. French cavalry plays a major role. French republic expands on the left bank of the Rhine. Archduke Charles becomes Napoleon's next adversary.
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Quick takeaways
The Battle of Rivoli resulted in a French victory, ending the third Austrian attempt to relieve Montua.
French conquests in Italy, the Low Countries, and the Rhineland showcased the effectiveness of the republican system and solidified the republic's strategic goals.
Deep dives
The Battle of Rivoli shifts momentum towards the Republicans
The Battle of Rivoli ends with a French victory, effectively ending the third Austrian attempt to relieve Montua. Despite initial success near Rivoli, Austrian forces were repelled by fresh French reinforcements. The battle resulted in heavy casualties for the Austrians and a significant numerical advantage for the French.
Austrian columns divided and defeated
Austrian General Davidovich attacked General Vobois near Rivoli, unaware of the French victory at Arcollet. However, with Alvinci on the run, Napoleon focused his energies on Davidovich. Despite some initial clashes, Davidovich retreated, unable to engage in a major battle with the pursuing French army.
Montua siege weakens Austrians
With the addition of Field Marshal Vermser's army to the Montua garrison, French control of Italy faced challenges as troops were stretched thin. However, with dwindling food supplies and strained Austrian forces, Montua's surrender became imminent. Field Marshal Vermser eventually surrendered, marking the end of the Montua siege.
Territorial gains and strategic successes for the French
The French successfully secured the natural borders of France, including territories in Italy, the Low Countries, and the Rhineland. These gains showcased the effectiveness of the republican system and marked a significant shift in power dynamics. French conquests were seen as a revolutionary manifest destiny, solidifying the republic's strategic goals.
With the Mantua garrison on the brink of starvation, the Austrians under Alvinczy launch one last relief attempt. General Sérurier returns, and General Joubert is given command of a division. Napoleon fights another innovative battle at Rivoli, where the French cavalry devastates the enemy.