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New Books in Philosophy

John D. Norton, "The Large-Scale Structure of Inductive Inference" (U Calgary Press, 2024)

Jan 11, 2025
In this engaging discussion, John D. Norton, a Distinguished Professor of philosophy of science at the University of Pittsburgh, dives into the intricacies of inductive inference. He presents his material theory of induction, emphasizing the importance of contextual background facts over universal rules. Norton critiques traditional views, shedding light on the complexities of scientific maturity and the intersection of faith and scientific evidence. He also tackles Hume's famous problem of induction, offering a fresh perspective that seeks to dissolve long-standing philosophical challenges.
01:12:39

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Quick takeaways

  • John Norton argues for the material theory of induction, emphasizing that sound inferences arise from specific, relevant background facts rather than universal rules.
  • The case of Marie Curie's work illustrates the material theory of induction, demonstrating how contextually grounded facts enable valid scientific generalizations.

Deep dives

Inductive Inference in Science

Inductive inference is a crucial element in the field of science, enabling scientists to draw conclusions that extend beyond the available evidence. John Norton contends that traditional models of inductive inference have often mimicked deductive reasoning, which relies on universal rules. Instead, he advocates for the material theory of induction, which emphasizes that the justification for inductive inferences comes from relevant background facts inherent to specific domains. This approach resolves the issue of inductive reasoning being arbitrarily supported by evidence without basing it on a sound understanding of the context in which it occurs.

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