Humanitarian Issues of Immigration in Japan: From Historical Background to Current Policies
Dec 8, 2023
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This podcast explores Japan's strict immigration laws, the mistreatment of non-ethnic Japanese residents, and the difficulties faced by foreign nationals seeking employment and asylum. The researchers discuss the historical background and current state of immigration policies, highlighting the lack of humanitarian consideration by the Japanese state. They also touch on topics such as the treatment of undocumented residents, reforms to the Immigration Control and Refugee Recognition Act, transparency issues in immigration services, hate speech, and the exploration of humanitarian issues through a documentary film.
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Quick takeaways
Japan has a long history of strict immigration laws and a tumultuous relationship with non-ethnic Japanese residents, including the forced citizenship and subsequent deprivation of Taiwanese and Korean nationals under imperialist rule.
Japan's immigration control policies restrict labor migration, prevent the recognition of Japan as a country that accepts migrants, and make it extremely difficult for asylum seekers and undocumented residents to receive recognition, resulting in limited legal protections and access to public services.
Deep dives
The Current State of Immigration in Japan
The podcast episode explores immigration in Japan, its historical background, and the current state. It discusses the treatment of immigrants and non-ethnic Japanese residents, highlighting issues such as the long-standing criticism of Japan's treatment of immigrants, hate rallies targeting ethnic Korean residents, and incidents of deaths in immigration detention centers. It challenges the image of Japan as having closed borders, emphasizing the complex and restrictive immigration control policies that limit labor migration and prevent the recognition of Japan as a country that accepts migrants.
Overview of Foreign Population and Residency Status
The episode provides an overview of the foreign population in Japan, stating that as of June 2022, there were 2.96 million registered foreigners living in the country. The largest groups were from China, Vietnam, Korea, the Philippines, and Brazil. It highlights that only 10% of these registered foreigners hold registered status for the purpose of work, while the majority possess other residency statuses such as permanent residency or technical intern traineeships. This highlights the restrictive nature of Japan's immigration control policy, which restricts labor migration and allows the government to claim that Japan does not accept migrants.
Challenges Faced by Asylum Seekers and Undocumented Residents
The episode discusses the challenges faced by asylum seekers and undocumented residents in Japan. It highlights that Japan recognizes a very low number of refugees, making it extremely difficult to be recognized as a refugee compared to other developed countries. The strict criteria for refugee recognition and the lack of political decision in accepting refugees contribute to this situation. The episode also highlights the treatment of undocumented residents, including their detention in immigration centers, instances of suspected human rights violations, and the criminalization of visa overstayers. It further discusses the lack of legal protections, limited access to essential public services, and the increase in control measures against foreign residents.
Japan has historically maintained extended periods of isolationist policies and continues to uphold some of the strictest immigration laws in the world today. The country has also long had a tumultuous relationship with non-ethnic Japanese residents, including Taiwanese and Korean nationals who were first forced to become Japanese citizens under imperialist rule, only to be deprived of their statuses after Japan formally lost its colonies. More recently, foreign nationals seeking employment and residency have been effectively disallowed from acquiring long-term working visas, while many others have unsuccessfully sought asylum, with tragic consequences.
Listen to Dr. Sara Park and Dr. Yoko Demelius discuss the historical background and current developments that have shaped the current state of immigration policies in Japan. While difficulties faced by the diverse group of non-ethnic Japanese immigrants and residents vary, the researchers make clear that they are treated with a persistent and pervasive lack of humanitarian consideration by the Japanese state.
Dr. Yoko Demelius is a senior researcher at the Centre for East Asian Studies at the University of Turku. Dr. Sara Park is a university lecturer at the Department of Cultures in the Faculty of Arts at the University of Helsinki.
The film mentioned in the episode is “We are Humans!” (2022) directed by Ko Chan-yoo.
The Nordic Asia Podcast is a collaboration sharing expertise on Asia across the Nordic region, brought to you by the Nordic Institute of Asian Studies (NIAS) based at the University of Copenhagen, along with our academic partners: the Centre for East Asian Studies at the University of Turku, and Asianettverket at the University of Oslo.
We aim to produce timely, topical and well-edited discussions of new research and developments about Asia.