Episode 86.0 – Anti-D Immunoglobulin (RhoGam) in Early Pregnancy

Show Notes

Take Home Points

1. An Rh negative woman can become alloimmunized to Rh antigen if exposed to blood from an Rh positive fetus. Theoretically, this alloimmunization can occur even in early pregnancy
2. While anti-D immune globulin has clearly been shown to be beneficial in preventing alloimmunization in 2nd and 3rd trimester pregnancy, there is no evidence supporting use specifically in the 1st trimester
3. Despite the absence of evidence, RhoGam administration has become routine in many places. At this time, it’s advisable to follow local practice patterns regarding which patients should be given RhoGam.

References

ACOG Practice Bulletin. Prevention of Rh D Alloimmunization. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 1999; 66(1): 63-70. PMID: 10458556 Recommendations reaffirmed in 2016

Hahn SA et al. Clinical Policy: Critical Issues in the Initial Ealuation and Management of Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department in Early Pregnancy. Ann Emerg Med 2012; 60(3): 381-419. PMID: 22921048

Hannafin B et al. Do Rh-Negative Women with First Trimester Spontaneous Abortions Need Rh Immune Globulin. Am J Emerg Med 2006; 24: 487-9. PMID: 16787810

Visscher RD, Visscher HC. Do Rh-Negative Women with an Early Spontaneous Abortion Need Rh Immune Prophylaxis? Am J Obstet Gynecol 1972; 113(2): 158-65. PMID: 4623673