1A The State Of The Civil War In Sudan
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Nov 13, 2025 
Declan Walsh, Chief Africa correspondent at The New York Times, discusses Sudan's civil war and its staggering death toll. Khaloud Heer shares insights as a political analyst on the complexities of ethnic violence and the RSF's rise. Ross Smith from the UN World Food Program reveals the dire humanitarian crisis, including famine declarations and logistical hurdles in aid delivery. The trio examines the potential for a ceasefire amid ongoing geopolitical challenges, emphasizing the role of foreign powers and local aid efforts in the crisis.
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War's Human Toll And Uncertain Ceasefire
- The RSF and Sudanese military conflict has produced mass casualties, famine, displacement, and alleged systematic sexual violence.
- Internationally backed ceasefire talks exist but a full agreement has not been reached yet.
RSF's Rise From Militia To Paramilitary
- RSF grew from Janjaweed militias and rose politically under Omar al-Bashir before formalizing into a powerful paramilitary.
- Rivalry over money, troop integration, and political power culminated in open conflict by April 2023.
Foreign Backing Escalated The Conflict
- The war began as a power struggle but quickly expanded across Sudan and drew in other armed groups.
- Foreign states supplied weapons and money, intensifying and complicating the conflict.