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Irregular Warfare Podcast

Plausible Deniability: Proxy Actors and the Hybrid Threat Ecosystem

Apr 4, 2025
Dr. Vladimir Rauta, an Associate Professor of International Security at the University of Reading, dives into the complex world of proxy warfare and hybrid threats. He discusses how states delegate conflicts to non-state actors, examining real-world examples from Ukraine and Syria. Rauta explains the evolving motivations behind proxies and the challenges they present in cyberspace. He also highlights the necessity for international cooperation to effectively counter these modern security threats and shares insights on building resilience against sophisticated hybrid tactics.
39:12

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Quick takeaways

  • Proxy warfare has evolved into a complex gray zone paradigm, challenging policymakers to adapt their strategies against non-state actors.
  • The 4S model provides a structured approach for enhancing resilience and coordination among stakeholders to effectively counter hybrid threats.

Deep dives

Understanding Proxy Warfare

Proxy warfare involves state and non-state actors leveraging intermediaries to achieve strategic goals while minimizing direct confrontation. This method is prevalent in today's geopolitical landscape, particularly among authoritarian regimes like Russia and China, as they utilize proxies to extend their influence. The complexity of these relationships is underscored by the evolution of proxy warfare into a gray zone paradigm, which presents unique challenges for policymakers. By understanding the nuances of these delegations, both scholars and practitioners can better formulate effective responses to modern conflicts.

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