1758 - ESQUERDA NA ERA DIGITAL: HUMBERTO MATOS, KREPE E GUSTAVO GAIOFATO

Das Kapital is a comprehensive critique of capitalism written by Karl Marx. The work is divided into three volumes. Volume I, published in 1867, focuses on the production process of capital, introducing the concept of surplus value and the exploitation of labor. Volume II, published posthumously in 1885, examines the circulation of capital, while Volume III, published in 1894, discusses the capitalist process as a whole, including the internal differentiation of the capitalist class and the tendency of the rate of profit to fall. Marx argues that capitalism is characterized by the exploitation of labor, leading to class conflict and eventual crises that necessitate the emergence of a new mode of production.

Human Action is Ludwig von Mises' magnum opus, where he argues for the superiority of the free-market economy over any government-planned system. The book is divided into several parts, covering topics such as the philosophy and epistemology of human action, the role of ideas in society, and the importance of methodological individualism and subjectivism in economics. Mises challenges the mainstream economic approaches of his time by emphasizing that economics should focus on the logical workings of human reasoning and the subjective interpretations of individuals rather than on mathematical functions and statistical data.

Escrito entre 1940 e 1943 e publicado em 1944, o livro de Friedrich Hayek alerta para os perigos do socialismo e do intervencionismo estatal, mostrando como o abandono do liberalismo clássico resulta em concentração de poder, opressão e servidão. Hayek desafia a ideia de que fascismo e nazismo são reações capitalistas, argumentando que compartilham raízes no controle econômico centralizado, e defende a descentralização do poder por meio da concorrência de mercado para preservar a liberdade.