

718: Barbara F. Walter | How Civil Wars Start (And How to Stop Them)
Aug 30, 2022
Barbara F. Walter, an expert in international affairs and author of a bestselling book on civil wars, dives deep into the alarming escalation of political division in the U.S. She discusses the warning signs of civil conflict and the factors that make societies vulnerable to such turmoil. Walter explains the concept of anocracy and highlights the dangers of identity politics and factionalism. She emphasizes the need for civic engagement and understanding to combat extremist ideologies and prevent violence, drawing parallels with global civil conflicts.
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Democracy and Civil War
- Democracies and civil wars have risen simultaneously, especially in transitioning states.
- Partially democratic countries (anocracies) are most vulnerable, due to instability and opportunity for power grabs.
Predicting Civil War
- Two factors predict civil war: partial democracy and identity-based political factions.
- Homogenous countries transition more peacefully because identity-based parties are less likely to form.
Rise of Tribalism
- "Ethnic entrepreneurs" exploit fears during times of change, often demographic or social shifts, to gain power.
- They use identity (ethnicity, religion, race) to create predatory tribalism, galvanizing support.