The inspiring scientists who saved the world’s first seed bank
Jan 13, 2025
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In this engaging discussion, Simon Parkin, an accomplished author and journalist, shares the extraordinary story of botanists who safeguarded the world’s first seed bank during the harrowing Leningrad siege. He highlights their relentless efforts to preserve vital genetic diversity amidst chaos and hunger. Parkin details the intense evacuation challenges faced by the staff and the moral dilemmas they encountered while balancing survival with their commitment to preservation. It's a fascinating tale of resilience and dedication in the face of war's brutality.
Abram Kamaras heroically saved rare potato specimens from the first seed bank during WWII, ensuring vital genetic material for food security.
Botanists at the seed bank faced starvation yet prioritized preserving seeds over consuming them, demonstrating immense dedication to future generations.
Deep dives
Rescue Under Fire
Abram Kamaras, a potato specialist, undertook a perilous mission to save rare potato specimens from the world's first seed bank during World War II. As the German army advanced towards Leningrad, Kamaras encountered the chaos of war, witnessing bodies on the roads and experiencing artillery fire up close. Despite the dangers, he meticulously collected and secured potato specimens, understanding that preserving this genetic material was vital for future food security. Kamaras's bravery enabled him to save at least one specimen of every variety held in the seed bank, ensuring the continuation of an important scientific legacy even in the face of war's devastation.
The Siege of Leningrad's Impact
The winter of 1941 brought severe hardships to Leningrad, as the city faced starvation and relentless bombing. Amidst this desolation, botanists at the seed bank grappled with the ethical quandary of possibly consuming the seeds they had dedicated their lives to preserving. As ration cards were introduced and desperation grew, the botanists remained steadfast, choosing not to eat the seeds, viewing their mission as a responsibility to future generations. Their collective sacrifice ultimately protected a vital resource, reinforcing their commitment to ensuring food security long after the war.
Legacy of Resilience
The dedication of the seed bank's staff yielded a remarkable legacy following the siege's conclusion, as they organized city-wide initiatives to grow food using their preserved seeds. Throughout the war and post-war years, the botanists' efforts resulted in significant agricultural recovery, transforming Leningrad's landscape. By 1979, vast areas of agricultural land had been replanted with seeds from the bank's collection, highlighting the long-term significance of their work. This achievement solidified the seed bank's legacy, ensuring that the sacrifices made during the siege would contribute to future food security in Russia.
During the siege of Leningrad, botanists in charge of an irreplaceable seed collection had to protect it from fire, rodents – and hunger. By Simon Parkin. Help support our independent journalism at theguardian.com/longreadpod
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