Incompetent Cervix: The Misogynist History Behind Naming The Female Body
Sep 21, 2023
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Author and science journalist Rachel E. Gross joins host Kat Chow to discuss the misogynist origins of names and diagnoses in the female reproductive system. They explore problematic pregnancy terminology, the impact of bias on naming women's bodies, the shift towards gender-neutral language, the importance of precision in medical terminology, and the sinister history of gynecology, including unethical experimentation on enslaved black women.
The term 'geriatric pregnancy' is misleading and reflects biases in medicine as it inaccurately implies that pregnancies after the age of 35 are automatically risky or problematic.
Biased language and terminology in reproductive health perpetuate harmful stereotypes and beliefs about women's reproductive experiences, hindering understanding and perpetuating disparities in healthcare.
Deep dives
The History of Geriatric Pregnancy
The term 'geriatric pregnancy' originated from a 1970s procedure for screening genetic abnormalities in fetuses. At that time, the cutoff for conducting the screening procedure was set at age 35, as it was believed that the risks associated with the procedure would be equivalent to the probability of abnormalities in the fetus. However, the term 'geriatric pregnancy' is highly misleading as it implies that pregnancies after the age of 35 are automatically risky or problematic. In reality, the risks associated with maternal age are not as dramatic as commonly believed, and the term itself reflects biases in medicine that influence how we label and perceive women's reproductive experiences.
Biases in the Naming of Reproductive Health Experiences
The language and terminology used in reproductive health can reflect biases and societal attitudes towards women's bodies. Many medical terms were historically named by white male doctors, resulting in a lack of diversity and understanding. For instance, the term 'vaginal atrophy' is considered insulting and misleading, stigmatizing menopausal women and misrepresenting their key symptoms. Similarly, the term 'incompetent cervix' places blame on the patient and carries judgments about their reproductive capacity. These biases in language contribute to a lack of understanding and perpetuate harmful stereotypes and beliefs about women's reproductive experiences.
The Intersection of Race and Reproductive Health Bias
Historical biases in reproductive health have particularly affected marginalized communities. The field of gynecology was built upon unethical experiments conducted on enslaved Black women, perpetuating racist stereotypes and contributing to disparities in healthcare. Stereotypes and biases also affect the diagnosis and treatment of conditions like endometriosis, with women of color often being dismissed or not taken seriously by medical professionals. Additionally, masculine-presenting women and trans men face barriers in accessing reproductive healthcare due to limited understanding and assumptions made by doctors. These biases highlight the need for more inclusive and culturally sensitive approaches to reproductive health.
The Power of Language in Reproductive Health
Language plays a significant role in shaping how we perceive and understand reproductive health experiences. Biased and stigmatizing terminology can affect women's access to care and contribute to feelings of shame or inadequacy. Medical language also influences how diseases and conditions are studied and diagnosed. For example, reevaluating language around endometriosis has helped challenge outdated beliefs and improve understanding of the condition. Furthermore, embracing more inclusive language that recognizes the diversity of reproductive experiences can help ensure that all individuals receive appropriate and equitable healthcare.
On this week’s episode of The Waves, Host Kat Chow welcomes back author and science journalist Rachel E. Gross to talk about the misogynist origins of many names and diagnoses in the female reproductive system. Gross is the author of Vagina Obscura: An Anatomical Voyage and the New York Times column Body Language.
In Slate Plus: Rachel E. Gross’s thoughts on the documentary Every Body about intersex people
If you liked this episode, check out: The Vagina et Al., an interview with Rachel E. Gross and Slate’s Shannon Palus about Gross’s book Vagina Obscura: An Anatomical Voyage
Podcast production by Vic Whitley-Berry and Cheyna Roth with editorial oversight by Daisy Rosario and Alicia Montgomery.
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