Always On EM - Mayo Clinic Emergency Medicine

Chapter 39 - Unbreak My Heart - Decompensation in a Person with Aortic Stenosis

Jan 1, 2025
Dr. Trina Augustin, an assistant professor specializing in anesthesiology and emergency medicine, dives into the complexities of aortic stenosis. She discusses innovative ultrasound techniques for diagnosis and emphasizes the importance of early consultation for optimal patient care. The conversation reveals critical strategies for fluid management and vasopressor use in decompensated patients, as well as insights on managing atrial fibrillation. With a blend of humor and expertise, this discussion showcases the intricacies of cardiac emergencies and enhances understanding of this serious condition.
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ADVICE

Use Ultrasound for Fluid Decisions

  • Use lung ultrasound to rapidly assess for B lines and pulmonary edema in patients with shock symptoms.
  • Tailor fluid resuscitation according to findings on ultrasound and clinical presentation.
ADVICE

Recognize Severe Aortic Stenosis

  • Learn to recognize severe aortic stenosis on simple B-mode ultrasound views in the emergency department.
  • Look for calcified, immobile aortic valve leaflets to identify critical stenosis early.
ADVICE

Gentle Fluids and Early Vasopressors

  • Give small fluid boluses while closely monitoring for pulmonary edema in aortic stenosis septic patients.
  • Start vasopressors early, especially norepinephrine, to maintain coronary perfusion pressure without causing tachycardia.
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