Emma Southon, author of A Fatal Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum, joins Anthony Delaney and Maddy Pelling to discuss the gory and inventive ways the Romans killed people. Topics include flesh-eating fish, humiliating deaths inside sacks, deadly re-enactments of the Icarus myth, and gruesome gladiator fights. Check out Emma Southon's new book, A History of Rome in 21 Women.
The Romans had a self-help legal system, allowing masters to kill their slaves in various ways until the 4th century, reflecting a different view of murder compared to other time periods.
Gladiatorial games in Ancient Rome combined combat and spectacle, with highly trained fighters engaging in matches choreographed to be evenly matched, often resulting in the death of one fighter, executed by a clean stab to the throat.
Deep dives
The Roman fascination with murder and punishment
In ancient Rome, murder was viewed differently compared to other time periods. The Romans did not have a law specifically against murder for a long time, and it was seen as a civil matter. If someone murdered another person, it could be settled in court or through negotiations with the victim's family. Slaves were not protected, and their masters were allowed to kill them in various ways until the 4th century. The Romans had a self-help legal system, and punishments were often elaborate and theatrical, intended to be seen by the public.
Grisly deaths in the gladiatorial games
The gladiatorial games in Ancient Rome were a combination of combat and spectacle. Gladiators were highly trained fighters who engaged in matches that were often choreographed to be evenly matched. While most matches did not end in death, the editor in charge of the games had the power to decide whether a defeated gladiator should live or die. Some fights did result in the death of one of the fighters, often executed by a clean stab to the throat. These battles sometimes included large-scale recreations of famous battles or myths, and were designed to entertain the audience with both skill and violent endings.
Magic and murder in Ancient Rome
The Romans had a strong belief in magic and its power to harm. Magic was seen as a tangible, dangerous force that could result in untimely deaths. Tombstones often mentioned that the deceased was killed by witchcraft or magic, and there was a widespread fear of curses and hexes. Magic was not gender-specific, as both men and women were accused of using it. Conflict and personal grudges sometimes resulted in accusations of magical harm, and magical curses were considered a real threat in Roman society.
A domestic murder and the power of belief
One notable case of domestic murder in Ancient Rome involved a man who threw his wife out of a window. Despite his high-ranking status, he was convicted of the crime. His defense claimed that the previous wife had cursed him through magic, leading him to commit the murder. This case highlights the Roman belief in the power of curses and their impact on people's actions. The belief in magic played a significant role in shaping the understanding of murders and their motivations in Ancient Rome.
This episode is a bloody delight: from flesh-eating fish and humiliating deaths inside sacks, to a deadly re-enactment of the Icarus myth. For a culture that is seen as an emblem of civilisation (whatever that means), the Romans expended a lot of creative energy on inventing new ways to kill people. And our guest today knows them all!
Anthony Delaney and Maddy Pelling are joined by the one and only Emma Southon author of A Fatal Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum. Her new book is A History of Rome in 21 Women.
Mixed by Tom Delargy. Producer is Freddy Chick. Senior Producer is Charlotte Long.
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