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Lying Is A Cognitive Milestone
- Lying emerges as a developmental milestone tied to theory-of-mind and perspective-taking skills in preschool years.
- Once children can represent others' false beliefs, they can intentionally mislead to influence others' beliefs or behaviors.
Lying Changes With Age
- Lying frequency and form change with age: preschoolers experiment, school-age kids learn social rules, and adolescents shift to concealment of personal info.
- Overall lying tends to decline into adulthood, with seniors lying least.
Use Gift Moments To Teach Politeness
- Use realistic gift scenarios to teach pro-social lying and empathy and discuss motives afterward.
- Encourage explaining why one told a polite lie to shift children from self-protection to other-oriented reasons.