Learn about the life and reign of King Æthelwulf, father of Alfred the Great. Explore his battles, ruling approach, diplomatic relations, and defense against Viking invasions. Delve into the rich history of Wales and Atharwalth's pilgrimage to Rome amidst Viking raids. Discover the controversy surrounding succession and scandal in Wessex.
Æthelwulf's reign was marked by his innovative policies to secure the throne and his experiment ultimately backfired, casting a permanent shadow on his legacy.
Despite facing Viking raids and naval battles, Æthelwulf successfully held off the Vikings and undertook a decimation of his estates, reducing the size of the Anglo-Saxon state and posing economic challenges.
Deep dives
Athelwulf's Reign and Kentish Relations
Athelwulf, son of King Edgbert, became a sub-king in Kent and maintained positive relations with the Kentish Aaldaman. He ruled Kent through local vassals and worked towards peace with Mercia. He convened meetings only with the Kentish nobility and ruled with his father's policies.
Viking Threats and Athelwulf's Response
Athelwulf faced Viking raids and naval battles, but was successful in holding off the Vikings. He undertook a decimation of his estates, potentially inspired by increased Viking activity. The decimation reduced the size of the Anglo-Saxon state and posed economic challenges. Athelwulf also made a pilgrimage to Rome, married Charles the Bald's daughter Judith, and faced a rebellion upon his return.
Succession and Legacy
Athelwulf appointed his sons as sub-kings and secured the line of succession. He left a will to ensure the longest living son would inherit the throne. Upon Athelwulf's death, Athelwulf married his stepmother Judith. Viking invasions and the deaths of most of Athelwulf's sons would shape the future of Wessex.
Æthelwulf, father of Alfred the Great, was perhaps the most innovative king Wessex had seen since the reign of Ine. Although he would dedicate much of his reign to securing the throne, through the dual impact of intense Viking raiding and personal hubris his experiment would finally explode in his face casting a permanent shadow on his legacy but also setting the scene for the rise of his mighty son.