Epinephrine (EpiPen) Nursing Considerations

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Epinephrine

Trade Name

Adrenalin, EpiPen

Indication

Asthma and COPD exacerbations, allergic reactions, cardiac arrest, anesthesia adjunct

Action

Affects both beta1 and beta2 also has alpha agonist properties resulting in bron- chodilation and increases in HR and BP. Inhibits hypersensitivity reactions.

Therapeutic Class

Antiasthmatic, bronchodilator, vasopressor

Pharmacologic Class

Adrenergic agonist

Nursing Considerations

• Side effects include: angina, tachycardia, hypertension, restlessness, nervousness, hyperglycemia • Use with MAOI may lead to hypertensive crisis • Patients should not use stimulants (caffeine, guarana, etc) • Excessive use may cause bronchospasm • Assess lung sounds, pulse, BP, and other hemodynamic parameters • Monitor for chest pain • Instruct patient to use as directed • Patient should insure adequate fluid intake to liquefy secretions • Mouth should be rinsed after inhalation • Beta blockers may negate effects • May increase blood glucose levels