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Scale And Duration Of The Mughal Empire
- The Mughal Empire began in 1526 under Babur and lasted roughly 330 years, covering almost all of South Asia at its height.
- Early population estimates around 1600 CE place the region's population between 100 and 145 million, dwarfing Tudor England.
Technology And Tactics Beat Numbers
- Babur won despite being outnumbered by using Ottoman artillery and mobile cavalry tactics learned from Central Asia.
- Superior weaponry and tactics overcame Ibrahim Lodi's numerical advantage and war elephants.
Humayun's Fatal Fall
- Humayun fatally slipped on his robe after hearing the call to prayer and fell from a tower, dying days later.
- His accidental death followed his recent restoration to power after exile and Safavid support.