Matjaž Leonardis, co-author of a paper on the Popper-Miller Theorem, discusses the dangers of scientific identity, the nature of scientific progress, and advice for young polymaths. They question the identity of scientists and the role of the Enlightenment, explore the Popper Miller theorem, discuss their disagreement with Popper and being polymathic, and highlight the challenge of connecting with mentors for young people.
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Quick takeaways
Questioning the scientific identity and emphasizing understanding the natural world without labeling oneself as a scientist.
Exploratory theories are preferable for scientific progress and challenge previous theories for greater understanding.
Deep dives
Science and the Identity of Scientists
The speaker questions the emphasis on the concept of science and the identity of scientists. They argue that people often overthink their role as scientists and that the label of scientist may be counterproductive. The speaker suggests that people have always been interested in understanding the natural world without considering themselves scientists and that this identity developed later. While institutions that support scientific endeavors may be useful, the speaker argues that the specific conception of science and scientists may not be necessary.
The Popper Miller Theorem
The podcast episode discusses the Popper Miller theorem, a paper written by Popper and Miller on probabilistic support in theories. The theorem challenges the idea that evidence confers inductive support on theories by showing that evidence always decreases the probability of the inductive part of a theory. The speaker acknowledges criticisms of the theorem but finds it interesting and highlights its implications for the use of Bayesian reasoning and building artificial general intelligence (AGI).
Explanatory Theories and Progress
The speaker explores the preference for explanatory theories and their role in scientific progress. They suggest that people have a natural inclination towards explanatory theories, which provide greater understanding and allow for progress by constantly challenging and replacing previous theories. The speaker also mentions the psychological need for regularity in human thinking and highlights the value of explanatory theories in satisfying this need.
Being a Polymath
The podcast episode offers advice to young individuals aspiring to be polymaths. The speaker advises focusing on learning what one finds interesting and avoiding rigid approaches to learning. They caution against the misconception of needing to study fundamentals, intermediate, and advanced levels, emphasizing that knowledge should be pursued based on personal interests and curiosity. The speaker suggests connecting with others who have similar interests and engaging in conversations and collaborations to identify and contribute to relevant problem-solving efforts.
Matjaž Leonardis has co-written a paper with David Deutsch about the Popper-Miller Theorem. In this episode, we talk about that as well as the dangers of the scientific identity, the nature of scientific progress, and advice for young people who want to be polymaths.