Join historian Katharine Fellows, whose work focuses on Rodrigo Borgia, as she unravels the notorious Borgia family saga. They delve into the ruthless mechanisms of power and influence employed by Rodrigo, later Pope Alexander VI. The episode unveils scandalous tales of ambition, nepotism, and political manipulation in Renaissance Italy. Focusing on Lucrezia as a savvy player amidst the chaos, they also discuss how visual propaganda shaped the Borgias' legacy, challenging the myths that surround these infamous figures.
The Borgias rose to power in Renaissance Italy through diplomacy, marriage alliances, and military force, despite their notorious reputation for scandal.
Pope Alexander VI's controversial papacy, marked by nepotism and personal scandals, exemplified the complex interplay of ambition and public perception in historical narratives.
Deep dives
The Rise of the Borgia Family
The Borgia family rose to prominence in Renaissance Italy during the 15th and 16th centuries by employing a strategy of diplomacy, marriage alliances, and military force. Their ambition included establishing a permanent duchy in Italy and transforming the papacy into a hereditary monarchy, which set them apart from their contemporaries. They navigated a politically fragmented landscape, gaining both influence and notoriety, as their rise was tainted by numerous scandals, including allegations of incest and murder. This duality of ambition coupled with scandal positioned them as one of the most infamous families of their time.
Calixtus III and Rodrigo Borgia's Nepotism
Calixtus III, the first Borgia pope, played a crucial role in the family's ascendance, yet his influence is often overshadowed by his infamous nephew, Rodrigo Borgia, later Pope Alexander VI. Once Calixtus was elected, he engaged in nepotism by elevating Rodrigo and other family members to prominent ecclesiastical positions, a common practice among the papacy at that time. This led to Rodrigo acquiring significant wealth and influence, laying the groundwork for his future ambitions. The early Borgia papacy exemplified the broader trends of the era where nepotistic practices were largely accepted, challenging the perception of corruption attributed to the Borgia lineage.
Rodrigo Borgia as Pope Alexander VI
Rodrigo's election as Pope Alexander VI in 1492 marked a significant turning point, given his extensive experience within the College of Cardinals and his ability to form strategic connections throughout Europe. His papacy was characterized by political upheaval, including conflicts between various Italian city-states and the encroachment of French forces seeking power in Italy. Alexander navigated these challenges while personally fostering ambitious goals for his children, particularly Cesare, who sought to replicate the family's influence beyond the church. However, Alexander's reputation began to suffer due to scandalous claims regarding his personal life, further complicating his role as a leader.
Legacy and Misrepresentation of the Borgias
The historical narrative surrounding the Borgia family has been heavily influenced by sensationalist accounts and anti-Borgia sentiment that emerged during and after Alexander's papacy. Portrayed as avatars of corruption, the Borgias have become synonymous with moral decay, illustrated vividly by depictions in art and literature. This demonization was notably expressed in prints likening Alexander to the devil, which capitalized on public sentiment against him and his family. Consequently, unraveling the truth of the Borgia legacy requires a careful examination of historical texts, separating fact from exaggeration while considering the biases present in historical records.
In the 15th and early 16th centuries, one Spanish family rose to exert its influence over Renaissance Italy - the Borgias. Deploying diplomacy, marriage alliances and military force to advance their interests, the Borgias’ meteoric ascent was accompanied by stories of incest, murder, and debauchery. But how true were the rumours?
All this month on Not Just the Tudors, Professor Suzannah Lipscomb is discovering how the Borgias pushed at the boundaries of acceptable behaviour for Renaissance rulers. She is joined in this episode by Dr. Katharine Fellows to consider the Borgias' rise to the pinnacle of European power.
Presented by Professor Suzannah Lipscomb. The researcher is Alice Smith, audio editor is Amy Haddow and the producer is Rob Weinberg. The senior producer is Anne-Marie Luff.
Theme music from All3Media. Other music courtesy of Epidemic Sounds.
Not Just the Tudors is a History Hit podcast.
Sign up to History Hit for hundreds of hours of original documentaries, with a new release every week and ad-free podcasts. Sign up at https://www.historyhit.com/subscribe.