The podcast discusses the historical discrimination faced by women in elite sports, including the skepticism and concerns around women athletes' gender. It explores the challenges women faced in breaking world records and the introduction of sex testing policies. The episode also delves into the story of athlete Christine Bulma and the gender verification policies in women's sports from the 1930s, shedding light on the lack of formal documentation and biased attitudes towards female athletes.
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Quick takeaways
Historically, women athletes faced doubts about their gender, leading to sex testing policies.
Discriminatory policies aimed to control and restrict women athletes, based on fears of turning masculine.
Deep dives
1928 Olympics: Women in Track and Field
In the summer of 1928, the Olympics in Amsterdam allowed women to compete in track and field for the first time. During the historic 800 meters race, the women's remarkable performances broke world records. However, instead of celebrating their achievements, newspapers criticized the women for looking tired and collapsing at the finish, reinforcing stereotypes about feminine strength. This led to the banning of the 800 meters race at the Olympics until 1960.
Christine Bulma's Athletic Dilemma
Christine Bulma, a successful athlete, faced challenges due to regulations on athletes with differences of sex development. She was initially unable to compete in her preferred race due to her classification as a DSD athlete, which led to unfair scrutiny and speculation about her capabilities. Despite her achievements, Christine faced discriminatory comments online, attributing her success solely to her testosterone levels, highlighting gender biases in sports.
Gender Verification Policies in Sports
Historically, sports officials questioned the gender of female athletes, leading to the implementation of gender verification policies. Concerns about women competing in sports fuelled suspicions of cheating, fears of women turning masculine through sport, and doubts about the femininity of women athletes. The discriminatory policies and invasive examinations, like the 'nude parades' in the 1960s, aimed to control and restrict women athletes, revealing deep-seated biases and lack of scientific basis.
We go back to the beginnings of women’s inclusion in elite sports. It turns out that men had an odd variety of concerns about women athletes. Some doubted these athletes were even women at all. And that skepticism resulted in the first sex testing policies.
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