The Sin of Empathy — A Conversation with Joe Rigney
Feb 19, 2025
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Joe Rigney, a Fellow of Theology at New Saint Andrews College and author of "The Sin of Empathy," dives deep into the nuances of empathy. He explores its role in emotional manipulation versus genuine compassion. The complexities of empathy within Christian theology are discussed, along with the dangers of unchecked empathy and its moral implications. Rigney also tackles gender dynamics in evangelical leadership and critiques narratives of victimhood, highlighting their impact on unity and discourse in contemporary Christianity.
Empathy has morphed from its aesthetic origins into a potentially manipulative emotional force undermining truth and moral clarity.
Distinguishing empathy from compassion emphasizes the need for emotional governance to maintain stability and avoid destructive emotional turbulence.
The rise of identity politics uses empathy as a tool for ideological validation, complicating honest discourse and fostering community division.
Deep dives
The Nature of Empathy and Its Historical Context
Empathy has evolved from its early 20th-century origins in aesthetics to a concept often intertwined with therapeutic ideologies. Initially, empathy was perceived as an advancement over sympathy, encouraging individuals to share emotional spaces with others rather than maintain a helping-dominant stance. A critical distinction arises between feeling for someone in a specific situation versus feeling abstractly for all individuals in similar circumstances, ultimately resulting in a moral abstraction that can detach one from reality. This historical perspective invites reflection on how empathy's adaptation has influenced modern interpretations of emotional connection and interpersonal relationships.
The Passions and Their Governance
The conversation emphasizes how various emotions, including empathy, can become ungoverned passions that disrupt personal boundaries and clarity of identity. Joe Rigney argues that empathy should be viewed as a passion that requires governance to prevent it from becoming destructive. He distinguishes between empathy and compassion, with the latter allowing individuals to aid others from a place of stability rather than emotional turmoil. This governance of emotions reflects the biblical teaching that passions, if left unchecked, can lead one away from truth and moral clarity.
The Dangers of Emotional Manipulation
Empathy can serve as a vehicle for emotional manipulation, particularly in contemporary sociopolitical contexts where victimhood narratives dominate discourse. The notion that the alleged victim's perspective is always correct can stifle open dialogue and critical reflection, marking a dangerous turning point in community dynamics. By prioritizing empathy, individuals may inadvertently align themselves with opportunistic agendas rather than grounded principles, ultimately complicating ethical judgments. This manipulation of emotion can lead naïve individuals to accommodate ideologies that undermine the truth and good, reflecting the pressing need for discernment in emotionally charged discussions.
The Intersection of Empathy and Ideological Constructs
The rise of identity politics and its connection to empathy illustrates how the latter has been employed as a tool to further ideological aims, such as those found in critical theory. By categorizing individuals into identity groups, empathy becomes a method of social validation that restricts honest discourse and genuine understanding. This ideology not only complicates interpersonal relationships but also contributes to division within communities and churches by fostering a competition of victimhood. This environment discourages individuals from addressing issues honestly and promotes a form of unity predicated on emotional alignment rather than biblical truth.
The Theological Implications of Empathy vs. Sympathy
A significant theological distinction made in the discussion revolves around the concepts of empathy and sympathy in relation to Christ's role as a high priest. While empathy may be framed as a sympathetic response, it fails to encapsulate the holy boundaries established by God, as Christ's identification with humanity occurs without sin. This understanding challenges the notion that believers should approach emotional engagement through a lens solely built on empathy, urging instead a return to scriptural truth that informs how Christians interact with those in distress. Ultimately, this calls into question the prioritization of emotional validation over doctrinal fidelity within contemporary discussions on compassion and assistance.
This is Thinking in Public, a program dedicated to intelligent conversation about frontline theological and cultural issues with the people who are shaping them.
In this edition of the popular podcast series “Thinking in Public,” Albert Mohler speaks with Dr. Joe Rigney, Fellow of Theology at New Saint Andrews College and former president of Bethlehem College and Seminary. They discuss Dr. Rigney’s new book, “The Sin of Empathy: Compassion and Its Counterfeits.” If you enjoyed this episode of Thinking in Public, you can find many more of these conversations here. You can purchase “The Sin of Empathy: Compassion and Its Counterfeits” here.
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