Pitchfork Economics with Nick Hanauer

North of the Border: A Canadian Perspective on the Free Trade Era (with Luke Savage)

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Oct 14, 2025
In this conversation, Luke Savage, a Toronto-based journalist and author who critiques liberalism, dives deep into Canada–U.S. trade dynamics. He discusses how NAFTA reshaped economies, entrenching corporate power and driving inequality. Savage highlights the negative impacts of free trade on manufacturing jobs and democratic control. He argues for a new trade approach focusing on workers' rights and community interests, emphasizing the need for redesigned agreements that prioritize social, labor, and environmental standards.
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INSIGHT

Trade Shaped Canadian Identity

  • Canada kept trade protections early to build east-west industry and resist US pull.
  • Free trade debates shaped national identity and dominated politics into the 1980s.
INSIGHT

Controversy Faded After Lock-In

  • Public opposition to free trade peaked in the 1988 election but receded after agreements locked in policy.
  • Once consolidated, trade liberalization fell off as an active public issue until recent trade tensions.
INSIGHT

Trade Fragilized Democratic Policy

  • NAFTA and successors privileged corporations and deepened inequality in Canada.
  • Trade rules narrowed democratic policy space by limiting regulations seen as burdensome to business.
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