Alphafold 3.0: the AI protein predictor gets an upgrade
May 8, 2024
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Nuclear clocks revolutionize timekeeping accuracy, AlphaFold 3 predicts protein structures with DNA and RNA interactions, life on other planets may be purple, magnetic fluid for healthcare monitoring, AI tool advances protein function and drug discovery.
Nuclear clocks offer enhanced accuracy by focusing on energy transitions within the nucleus, paving the way for probing fundamental atomic forces.
AlphaFold 3's upgrade enables accurate prediction of protein-molecule complexes including DNA and RNA, enhancing drug discovery.
Deep dives
Advancements in Nuclear Clock Technology
Scientists have made significant progress in developing a new type of clock known as a nuclear clock. Unlike atomic clocks that focus on electron energy states, nuclear clocks concentrate on the energy levels within the nucleus itself, specifically involving neutron and proton interactions. The challenge lies in finding a nucleus with a small enough energy transition suitable for clock purposes, such as thorium 229. By pinpointing the precise frequency needed to trigger this transition, researchers have achieved unprecedented precision, marking a crucial milestone in advancing clock technology.
Advantages of Nuclear Clocks over Optical Clocks
Nuclear clocks offer distinct advantages over optical clocks, primarily through enhanced stability and robustness. Due to their reliance on nucleus energy states rather than electron dynamics, nuclear clocks are less susceptible to external influences like electric fields or temperature variations, ensuring long-term accuracy in timekeeping. Furthermore, the ability of nuclear clocks to detect subtle changes in fundamental forces, such as the strength of nuclear forces, opens up possibilities for investigating phenomena like dark matter interactions at a finer scale.
AlphaFold 3 Enhancing Protein Structure Prediction
AlphaFold 3 represents a significant upgrade in protein structure prediction tools by incorporating a broader range of molecular interactions beyond proteins. Building on its predecessors' success, AlphaFold 3 integrates the prediction of protein structures with interactions with molecules like DNA and RNA, improving the understanding of how proteins function within cellular contexts. This advancement not only facilitates experimental investigations into protein functions but also holds potential for accelerating drug discovery processes by modeling how other molecules interact with proteins.
00:45 A nuclear timekeeper that could transform fundamental-physics research.
Nuclear clocks — based on tiny shifts in energy in an atomic nucleus — could be even more accurate and stable than other advanced timekeeping systems, but have been difficult to make. Now, a team of researchers have made a breakthrough in the development of these clocks, identifying the correct frequency of laser light required to make this energy transition happen. Ultimately it’s hoped that physicists could use nuclear clocks to probe the fundamental forces that hold atoms together.
Deepmind’s AlphaFold has revolutionised research by making it simple to predict the 3D structures of proteins, but it has lacked the ability to predict situations where a protein is bound to another molecule. Now, the AI has been upgraded to AlphaFold 3 and can accurately predict protein-molecule complexes containing DNA, RNA and more. Whilst the new version is restricted to non-commercial use, researchers are excited by its greater range of predictive abilities and the prospect of speedier drug discovery.