Wiser World 39. Sudan & South Sudan 101 - Part 2
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Apr 10, 2024 Exploring Sudan and South Sudan's tumultuous history, the discussion highlights the discovery of oil and its role in the civil conflicts. The rise of Islamist politics and the impact of Sharia law are examined, along with the formation of the SPLM under John Garang. Personal stories, like those of the Lost Boys, illustrate the humanitarian crises faced by civilians amidst the war. The effects of international dynamics, including China’s economic involvement, and the path to peace through the 2005 Comprehensive Peace Agreement reveal the complex interplay of identity, religion, and resources.
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Oil Transformed The Conflict
- Oil discovery in the South transformed Sudan's politics by making control of resources the central prize.
- Resource wealth intensified north-south tensions and prompted Khartoum to try to control southern oil zones.
Islamist Shift Fueled Division
- The rise of Islamist political movements pushed Sudan toward an Islamic republic and Sharia law in 1983.
- Imposing Sharia nationwide deepened divisions with non-Muslim southern communities and worsened conflict.
Villages Burned In Scorched-Earth Raids
- Northern scorched-earth tactics burned villages and targeted civilians who looked like SPLM supporters.
- Survivors described huts burned with women and children inside and men killed by riverside executions.