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Flat Network Vulnerability
- Saudi Aramco's flat network allowed attackers to freely move across their entire system once inside.
- Compartmentalizing networks prevents widespread access after a breach, unlike flat designs.
Shamoon Attack Devastation
- On August 15, 2012, Shamoon malware wiped 35,000 Saudi Aramco computers simultaneously.
- The attack deleted master boot records, making systems unbootable and unrecoverable without replacement.
Production Survives, Coordination Fails
- Shamoon spared industrial control systems, so oil production continued despite IT devastation.
- However, supply chain chaos arose from lack of digital coordination tools and contact data.