Joel Kalvesmaki on Evagrius’ Kephalaia Gnōstika: Philosophy, Scripture, and Apophatic Mysticism
May 16, 2023
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Explore the philosophy and mysticism of Evagrius' Kephalaia Gnōstika. Dive into theories of embodiment and the roles of souls and bodies according to Evagrius. Examine Evagrius' unique writing style and conceptual connections in the Kephalaia. Unravel the mysteries of a mysterious book and its influences and interpretations. Discover the esoteric reading of Moses and Aaron's snake fighting story and its theological implications.
Evagrius explores the categorization of beings and their journey towards God in the Kephalaia Gnōstika.
Evagrius employs an esoteric writing style and engages in deep contemplation to explore theology and metaphysics in his work.
Deep dives
The Mystical Ideas in the KG
The podcast episode explores the mystical ideas discussed in the KG (Kefalaya Gnostica). Evagrius presents a worldview and ideas about creation, the story of the world, and the journey of beings from various states of fallenness towards God. He discusses the origin of things, the different states of beings (angels, demons, humans), and the categorization of beings based on their fallenness. Evagrius also delves into the physics of the KG, including the presence of the four elements in different beings and the significance of categories. He emphasizes that this world is one of many, and there is a succession of worlds. He contemplates the idea of descents and ascents, with beings becoming worse than demons or more angelic. Evagrius hints at a time when the worlds will come to an end and a restoration will occur, but he avoids using the term apocatastasis. Instead, he focuses on the idea of different catostasis (states) and the ultimate catostasis of being united with God.
Exploratory Theology and Esoteric Writing
The podcast discusses Evagrius' approach to theology as exploratory and metaphysical. He engages in research theology, speculating and exploring ideas without presenting them as dogma. This approach was criticized by Jerome, who viewed it as unorthodox and speculative. Evagrius' writings, including the KG, require intellectual effort and contemplation to unravel their meanings. His esoteric writing style, similar to that of Plato, aims to engage readers in deep thought, making connections between concepts expressed in different chapters and encouraging active interpretation. The podcast highlights the connection between this esoteric tradition and the incorporation of metaphysics from philosophers like Plato and, notably, Aristotle in Christian thought. It also raises questions about the origin and influence of this tradition, emphasizing its relationship with Jewish and Christian intellectual traditions.
Apophatic Theology and Observing the Unspeakable
The podcast explores the apophatic nature of Evagrius' theology and its role in his work. Evagrius discusses the unspeakable, ineffable nature of God, similar to the concept of the via negativa in mysticism. He uses paradoxical and elusive language to describe the nature of God, emphasizing the limitations of human language and understanding. Evagrius encourages contemplation and observation (theoria) of God, suggesting that spiritual senses provide glimpses of the divine. He navigates the tension between attempting to see and describe the unity and acknowledging the limitations of human comprehension. The podcast highlights the significance of apophatic theology in the KG and its reflection of broader trends in Christian mysticism and spirituality.
In Part II of our discussion with Joel Kalvesmaki we explore the philosophy and mysticism of the Kephalaia Gnōstika, Evagrius' masterwork of mind-bending metaphysical aphorisms.
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