Economist Podcasts Economies of sail: migrant-smuggling entrepreneurs
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Apr 8, 2025 
Joining the discussion are Joel Budd, Britain’s social affairs editor at The Economist, who dives into the business strategies of migrant smugglers, and Ainsley Johnston, a data journalist, focusing on evolving American perceptions of traditional allies. They reveal the surprising entrepreneurial tactics behind migrant smuggling across the English Channel, likening it to small businesses. The conversation shifts to how climate change is fueling wildfires in East Asia and altering migration patterns, while also unraveling the complexities of shifting international alliances.
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Smuggling Structure
- People smuggling operations across the English Channel are diffuse, not run by hierarchical gangs.
- Many individuals specialize in different aspects, like boat supply or migrant recruitment.
Specialization Reasons
- Increased scale and police pressure have led to specialization in smuggling operations.
- This mirrors business trends where companies outsource tasks over time.
Research Methods
- Joel Budd interviewed police and migrants to understand smuggling operations.
- Migrants stuck in France become experts due to multiple crossing attempts.