In conversation with General James Mattis and Sir Angus Houston
Oct 15, 2020
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General James Mattis, a renowned military leader and former U.S. Secretary of Defense, joins Sir Angus Houston, former Chief of the Australian Defence Force, to discuss vital global security issues. They delve into the challenges posed by a rising China and navigate the complexities of Sino-Australian relations. The conversation highlights the importance of military alliances and international cooperation amid geopolitical tensions, and they emphasize climate change as a significant security crisis requiring urgent attention and collective action.
General Mattis emphasizes the importance of nurturing international alliances, particularly with countries like Australia, to maintain a rules-based order.
The podcast highlights the need for diplomatic solutions alongside military power to effectively navigate complex global security challenges, especially in U.S.-China relations.
Deep dives
General Mattis's Military Journey
General Jim Mattis discusses his upbringing in Richland, Washington, highlighting a bookish household that fostered his love for the outdoors. He shares how he initially planned to serve a short time in the U.S. Marine Corps, but his passion for serving alongside the selfless infantry extended his military career to over four decades. He reflects on his growth from a second lieutenant in the infantry to high-ranking positions, finding fulfillment in the close connection he had with his troops. Despite facing challenging deployments in Iraq and Afghanistan, the camaraderie and spirit of service among young soldiers deeply resonated with him.
The Significance of Alliances
General Mattis emphasizes the historical context of America's alliance system, noting that it evolved from a reluctance to engage in global alliances to fostering partnerships after World War II. He highlights the self-sacrificial pledge made by America to protect Europe after two devastating world wars, which solidified the commitment to a rules-based order. Mattis underscores the importance of nurturing these alliances, particularly with countries like Australia, which demonstrates mutual respect and strong military cooperation. Such relationships are vital for shaping a collaborative approach to global security, illustrating the necessity of continuous engagement to mitigate conflicts.
The Role of Diplomacy and Military in Global Order
General Mattis discusses the intertwining roles of the military and diplomats in sustaining the global rules-based order, asserting that while military power is essential, diplomacy should lead in foreign policy. He cites the example of Australia’s diplomatic efforts to restore order in the Solomon Islands, showcasing how the military can support civilian-led initiatives. The dialogue emphasizes the need for a comprehensive understanding of the challenges faced by democracies, where military and diplomatic avenues must align for effective responses. Highlighting the importance of education and a well-informed citizenry, Mattis calls for better training in diplomacy to enhance decision-making in complex international scenarios.
Navigating the China Challenge
Sir Angus Houston and General Mattis address the complex dynamics of Australia-China relations amid geopolitical tensions, particularly acknowledging the need for constructive engagement to navigate these challenges. Angus notes the importance of maintaining open channels and respecting mutual sovereignty while addressing concerns about aggressive rhetoric that could escalate tensions. General Mattis stresses the historical context of U.S.-China relations, advocating for structured and strategic dialogues to prevent misunderstandings between the two nuclear powers. Both leaders agree that collaboration on broader issues, including economic partnerships and climate action, is crucial for fostering stability and reducing adversarial encounters in the region.
On Thursday 15 October 2020, the Lowy Institute’s Executive Director Dr Michael Fullilove hosted an in conversation event via live video stream with General James Mattis, one of America’s most experienced and influential military leaders. General Mattis spoke about serving as US Secretary of Defense, his career as a US Marine, and the security challenge America faces from a rising China. They were joined by Sir Angus Houston, former Chief of the Australian Defence Force.
This event is part of the Lowy Institute's ‘Australia’s Security and the Rules-Based Order Project’ and is supported by the Department of Defence’s Strategic Policy Grants Program.