Patricia Pestana Garces, a neuroscience lecturer at King's College London, discusses alarming trends in public health. She highlights the resurgence of measles in the Americas, driven by falling vaccination rates. The conversation also touches on the ten-year retrospective of the Zika virus epidemic, focusing on increased birth defects and ongoing research challenges. Additionally, the potential inaccuracies of continuous glucose monitors in measuring blood sugar are explored, revealing discrepancies that could impact health management.
The Americas risk losing their measles elimination status due to declining vaccination rates and increasing vaccine hesitancy among parents.
Research upon the Zika virus highlights the role of maternal nutrition in the severity of congenital defects like microcephaly.
Deep dives
The Impact of Measles and Vaccination Rates
Measles is highly contagious and can lead to severe health complications and death, as evidenced by recent cases and fatalities in the Americas. The region faces risks of losing its measles elimination status due to declining vaccination rates, which need to reach 95% for effective herd immunity. The spread of measles has been attributed to vaccine hesitancy among some parents, reflecting a broader global trend with significant outbreaks occurring worldwide, primarily in Africa. The necessity of vaccination is highlighted, as it remains the only effective way to prevent the disease's transmission and protect the population.
Understanding Zika Virus and Its Effects
The Zika virus epidemic marked a significant health crisis in Latin America, leading to thousands of cases of microcephaly, particularly in Brazil, where the virus's aggressive mutation coincided with pregnancy-related birth defects. Socioeconomic factors, including malnutrition among expectant mothers, played a pivotal role in the prevalence of congenital Zika syndrome in specific regions. Research indicates that protein deficiency in pregnant women significantly correlated with the severity of birth defects, highlighting the need for better nutrition in at-risk populations. Ongoing studies aim to understand the long-term effects on children born with congenital Zika syndrome and the virus's current status and transmission dynamics.
Desk Exercises to Combat Sedentary Behavior
Incorporating physical activity into the workday is crucial to counteract the effects of prolonged sitting, as even short bursts of exercise like squats and lunges can significantly improve metabolism and overall health. Fitness expert Joe Wicks emphasizes that small exercises can be done easily at a desk without specialized clothing and can inspire colleagues, fostering a culture of movement in the workplace. Simple strategies such as ‘walkie-talkies’ for meetings or short exercise breaks can invigorate employees and enhance productivity. These incremental changes contribute to better energy levels and physical health, highlighting that regular movement is essential for a healthy work environment.
The Americas are in danger of losing their measles elimination status as the disease spreads due to under vaccination. Also on the show, a study finds that continuous glucose monitors may be overestimating blood sugar levels in healthy adults. And it’s been ten years since Brazil experienced and epidemic of microcephaly due to the Zika virus. What have we learned in that time?
Presenter: Claudia Hammond
Producer: Margaret Sessa-Hawkins
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