Europe in Turmoil: Preparations for War and Internal Challenges

While Napoleon pursued his dreams in the east, war returned to Europe as a new coalition formed against France. The republican government faced factionalism and struggled for legitimacy. France also dealt with the aftermath of the revolution, including population loss, devastated international trade, and unstable prices of food and agricultural goods. Additionally, there were law and order issues, with rural areas overrun by crime. Despite exhaustion and limited political participation, the country braced for another war.