From Our Inbox: Alessandra Giliani, 14th-century Italian anatomist
Jul 6, 2023
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Discover the fascinating story of Alessandra Giliani, a 14th-century Italian anatomist who defied gender norms to pursue a career in medicine. Uncover evidence of her existence in illuminated manuscripts and learn about her pioneering work in anatomy and the circulatory system. Explore the possibility that her work was erased by the church and reflect on the challenges faced by female scientists in history.
Alessandra Giliani challenged societal norms by studying medicine and dissecting human cadavers in the 14th century, providing groundbreaking insights into the body's internal systems.
Alessandra's existence and work as an anatomist are supported by evidence found in illuminated manuscripts, highlighting the importance of challenging biased interpretations of history and recognizing the untold stories of female scientists.
Deep dives
Alessandra Giuliani: A Remarkable 14th Century Female Anatomist
Alessandra Giuliani, a young woman from 14th century Italy, defied societal norms by studying medicine. Disguised as a man, she dissected human cadavers to gain a deeper understanding of the body's internal systems and organs. This was a remarkable feat considering that most medical schools in the United States only started admitting women 500 years later. Alessandra's work challenged widely accepted beliefs about the circulatory system and anticipated discoveries made by William Harvey by 300 years. Unfortunately, her groundbreaking accomplishments were likely destroyed by the church and government, preventing her from leaving a lasting impact.
Questioning Alessandra Giuliani's Existence and Overcoming Skepticism
Historians have debated the existence of Alessandra Giuliani, with some male members of the medical historical community dismissing her accomplishments. However, evidence found in illuminated manuscripts at a library in northern Italy supports her existence and her work as an anatomist. Barbara Quick, who stumbled upon Alessandra's story while researching another female anatomist, emphasizes the importance of challenging biased interpretations of history. Despite the obstacles faced by women in the field, there are numerous untold stories of female scientists, and the Lost Women of Science podcast aims to uncover and share their remarkable contributions.
Welcome to the first in our From Our Inbox series, in which we give listeners a taste of the mail we get from folks wanting to bring a particular forgotten scientist to our attention. Here’s the story of Alessandra Giliani, brought to us by Barbara Quick, an author and poet in the San Francisco Bay Area.
There’s a persistent myth in the Emilia-Romagna region of Italy about Alessandra Giliani, a 14th-century girl who defied the laws of Church and state to attend medical school. The most concrete evidence of her existence comes in the form of illuminated manuscripts depicting an assistant to anatomist Mondino de Liuzzi who appears to be a cross-dressed woman. In this episode, associate producer Mackenzie Tatananni speaks with author Barbara Quick about Alessandra’s discoveries, which were well ahead of their time.
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